Research Group CTS1068, Andalusia Research Plan, Junta de Andalucía, San Cecilio Clinical Hospital, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Research Group CTS 367, Andalusia Research Plan, Junta de Andalucía, School of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Granada, San Cecilio Clinical Hospital, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jan 28;17(3):795. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030795.
Many women change their lifestyles and habits when they become pregnant, to avoid potentially harmful effects to themselves and their babies. This is especially so with respect to physical exercise, which is often greatly reduced due to ignorance of the benefits it provides during pregnancy. To evaluate the prevalence of spontaneous birth among women who participated in a water-based physical exercise program. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted with a sample of 129 pregnant women (Control Group, CG = 64; Exercise Group, EG = 65). A physical exercise protocol, specifically designed for pregnant women, was created and applied. Those in the EG performed 60 min exercise sessions, three times per week for 17 weeks. The participants in the CG received routine check-ups and advice throughout their pregnancy. The women in the EG presented better results for the onset of spontaneous birth (OR = 2.060 (0.980-4.332)) and for neonate Apgar score of 10 at five minutes (OR = 8.53 (3.60-20.17)). Those who had normal weight at the start of pregnancy achieved better results for spontaneous delivery (OR = 2.099 (1.017-4.335)) than those with overweight/obesity. The rate of caesarean delivery was higher in the women with overweight/obesity (OR = 3.570 ((1.226-10.397)) than in those with normal weight. In our study, the women who followed the water-based exercise program gained less weight during pregnancy, which facilitated a better rate of spontaneous, non-instrumental childbirth, together with a better Apgar test score at five minutes.
许多女性在怀孕后会改变生活方式和习惯，以避免对自己和胎儿造成潜在的危害。这在体育锻炼方面尤为明显，由于对其在怀孕期间提供的益处缺乏了解，因此往往会大大减少体育锻炼。
评估参加水上体育锻炼计划的女性自然分娩的发生率。方法：采用随机临床试验，对 129 名孕妇（对照组 CG = 64 人；锻炼组 EG = 65 人）进行样本分析。专门为孕妇设计并应用了一项体育锻炼方案。EG 组进行 60 分钟的锻炼，每周 3 次，共 17 周。CG 组在整个怀孕期间接受常规检查和建议。
EG 组的自然分娩起始（OR = 2.060（0.980-4.332））和新生儿 5 分钟时 Apgar 评分 10 分（OR = 8.53（3.60-20.17））的结果更好。那些在怀孕开始时体重正常的女性自然分娩的结果更好（OR = 2.099（1.017-4.335）），而超重/肥胖的女性自然分娩的结果较差。超重/肥胖的女性剖宫产率（OR = 3.570（1.226-10.397））高于体重正常的女性。
在我们的研究中，遵循水上锻炼计划的女性在怀孕期间体重增加较少，这有利于自然分娩率的提高，并且在 5 分钟时 Apgar 测试的评分更好。
