Liu Peng, Hu Wenyou, Tian Kang, Huang Biao, Zhao Yongcun, Wang Xinkai, Zhou Yunqiao, Shi Bin, Kwon Bong-Oh, Choi Kyungsik, Ryu Jongseong, Chen Yong, Wang Tieyu, Khim Jong Seong
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Environ Int. 2020 Apr;137:105519. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105519. Epub 2020 Jan 31.
Soils in coastal areas of the land-sea interface are vulnerable to heavy metal (HM) accumulation and subsequently to human health risk. However, few studies have investigated the HM pollution and risk in soils along the coastal areas of the Yellow Sea Large Marine Ecosystem (YSLME), in an international perspective. This study is the first comprehensive work in the YSLME encompassing 122 coastal locations along the Bohai Sea (BS), Yellow Sea of China (YSC), and Yellow Sea of South Korea (YSK). Soil HM pollution showed great spatial variations cross the regions and countries. Accumulations of As, Cu, Pb, and Zn in the YSK were significantly higher than those in the BS and YSC (p < 0.05). Whilst the elevated Cd, Hg, and Ni in soils were found in the BS and YSC compared to those in the YSK (p < 0.05). Meantime, the assessment of ecological risk posed by HMs indicated higher potential risk in the BS than other coastal areas. In specific, Cd and Hg posed a higher risk in the BS and YSC, while As showed relatively high risk in the YSK, indicating site-dependent accumulation of HMs in soils. Soil pH and organic matter were found to be important factors affecting the HM accumulation in the study areas. Industrial activities are the major driving factors influencing spatial distributions of HMs, and such activities exhibited different degrees of influence across the sampling sites. Altogether, the results of present study first identified the bilateral characteristics of soil HM pollution along the entire coasts of the YSLME in a comprehensive manner in several aspects: (1) sources, (2) hot spots, (3) priority chemicals of concern, and (4) site-specific potential risk of the soil HMs. Overall, this study provides references and backgrounds for future environmental management strategies and aids in developing a bilateral government policy towards coastal pollution management of HMs from an international scale and perspective.
陆海界面沿海地区的土壤易受重金属（HM）积累影响，进而对人类健康构成风险。然而，从国际视角来看，很少有研究调查黄海大海洋生态系统（YSLME）沿海地区土壤中的重金属污染及风险。本研究是在YSLME开展的第一项综合性工作，涵盖了渤海（BS）、中国黄海（YSC）和韩国黄海（YSK）沿岸的122个沿海地点。土壤重金属污染在不同地区和国家呈现出很大的空间差异。YSK中砷、铜、铅和锌的积累量显著高于BS和YSC（p < 0.05）。而与YSK相比，BS和YSC土壤中的镉、汞和镍含量升高（p < 0.05）。同时，对重金属造成的生态风险评估表明，BS的潜在风险高于其他沿海地区。具体而言，镉和汞在BS和YSC构成较高风险，而砷在YSK显示出相对较高风险，表明土壤中重金属的积累具有地点依赖性。研究发现土壤pH值和有机质是影响研究区域重金属积累的重要因素。工业活动是影响重金属空间分布的主要驱动因素，且此类活动在不同采样点的影响程度不同。总之，本研究结果首次全面地从几个方面确定了YSLME整个海岸土壤重金属污染的双边特征：（1）来源，（2）热点区域，（3）优先关注的化学物质，以及（4）土壤重金属的特定地点潜在风险。总体而言，本研究为未来的环境管理策略提供了参考和背景，并有助于从国际规模和视角制定双边政府关于沿海重金属污染管理的政策。
