Tosteson T R, Ballantine D L, Durst H D
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez.
Toxicon. 1988;26(9):795-801. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(88)90320-0.
Ciguatoxicity of barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda) head, viscera and flesh tissues has been determined in 219 specimens caught along the southwest coast of Puerto Rico from March 1985 through May 1987. Twenty-nine percent of these specimens were toxic. Monthly frequencies of ciguatoxic barracuda showed an apparent seasonal variability, with peak values (60-70% toxic fish) in the late winter-early spring (January-May) and fall (August-November). Minimal frequencies (0-10% toxic fish) were observed during June-July and December. The most frequently toxic tissues in poisonous animals were the viscera and head. Viscera tissue was the only toxic tissue found in 31% of the poisonous fish assayed, and this tissue was poisonous in all toxic fish. In no case was a poisonous specimen found to have toxic flesh alone. Marked temporal variation in frequency of ciguatoxicity suggests that ciguatera toxins, at least in their active form, are not accumulated in barracuda tissues for extended periods of time. Variability in barracuda ciguatoxicity may reflect fluctuations in the toxicity of smaller reef fish prey, seasonal fluctuations in toxic benthic dinoflagellates and/or changes in the ability of the barracuda to detoxify ingested poisons or their precursors.
1985年3月至1987年5月期间，在波多黎各西南海岸捕获的219条梭鱼（尖吻鲈）的头部、内脏和鱼肉组织的雪卡毒性已被测定。这些样本中有29%有毒。雪卡毒梭鱼的月度频率呈现出明显的季节性变化，在冬末至早春（1月至5月）和秋季（8月至11月）出现峰值（有毒鱼类占60 - 70%）。在6月至7月和12月观察到最低频率（有毒鱼类占0 - 10%）。有毒动物中最常有毒的组织是内脏和头部。内脏组织是在31%的被测有毒鱼类中发现的唯一有毒组织，并且在所有有毒鱼类中该组织都有毒。在任何情况下，都未发现有毒样本仅鱼肉有毒。雪卡毒性频率的显著时间变化表明，雪卡毒素，至少其活性形式，不会在梭鱼组织中长时间积累。梭鱼雪卡毒性的变化可能反映了较小礁鱼猎物毒性的波动、有毒底栖甲藻的季节性波动和/或梭鱼对摄入毒素或其前体进行解毒能力的变化。
