Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Apr 20;714:136777. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136777. Epub 2020 Jan 18.
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) are brominated flame retardant chemicals detectable in the environment and U.S. population, and are associated with adverse health outcomes over the life course. Correlates of these organic pollutants are understudied among U.S. Black women.
Using baseline data from a prospective cohort study of U.S. Black women aged 23-35 years from the Detroit area of Michigan (2010-2012), we examined correlates of PBDEs and PBB-153. Non-fasting blood samples were collected from 742 participants at enrollment, a subset of women selected for a case-cohort study of environmental chemicals. Data on socio-demographics, behaviors, diet, medical history, and early-life exposures were collected via self-administered questionnaires, telephone interviews, and in-person clinic visits. We fit linear regression models to calculate percent differences and 95% confidence intervals in lipid adjusted plasma concentrations of 11 individual PBDE congeners and PBB-153 for each baseline predictor.
In models adjusted for all other correlates, a 5-year increase in age was inversely associated with most PBDE congeners (% differences ranged from 6 to 15% lower), and was positively associated with PBB-153 (52% higher). A 5-kg/m increase in BMI was inversely associated with PBDE-153 and PBB-153 (16% lower for both), and 6% higher for PBDE-28. Compared with having never been breastfed in infancy, ≥3 months of breastfeeding in infancy was associated with 69% higher PBB-153 concentrations. Lower education, current smoking, and heavy alcohol use were associated with higher plasma concentrations of most flame retardants. Diet was not an important predictor.
Important correlates for elevated body burdens of PBB-153 were increasing age and a history of having been breastfed in infancy. Education, smoking, and heavy alcohol use were important predictors of elevated body burdens of most flame retardants. This study fills an important gap in the environmental health literature by focusing on an understudied population.
多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）和多溴联苯（PBBs）是可在环境和美国人群中检测到的溴化阻燃剂化学物质，与整个生命周期中的不良健康结果有关。在美国黑人女性中，这些有机污染物的相关性研究还很不足。
使用密歇根州底特律地区 23-35 岁美国黑人女性的一项前瞻性队列研究的基线数据（2010-2012 年），我们研究了 PBDEs 和 PBB-153 的相关性。在入组时，从 742 名参与者中采集非禁食血样，这些参与者是环境化学物质病例对照研究的一部分。通过自我管理的问卷、电话访谈和面对面的诊所访问收集了社会人口统计学、行为、饮食、病史和早期生活暴露的数据。我们拟合了线性回归模型，以计算每个基线预测因子的 11 种个体 PBDE 同系物和 PBB-153 的脂质调整后血浆浓度的百分比差异和 95%置信区间。
在调整了所有其他相关因素的模型中，年龄每增加 5 岁，与大多数 PBDE 同系物呈负相关（差异百分比范围为 6%至 15%），与 PBB-153 呈正相关（高 52%）。BMI 每增加 5 公斤/平方米，与 PBDE-153 和 PBB-153 呈负相关（两者低 16%），与 PBDE-28 高 6%。与婴儿期从未母乳喂养相比，婴儿期至少母乳喂养 3 个月与 PBB-153 浓度高 69%相关。较低的教育程度、当前吸烟和大量饮酒与大多数阻燃剂的血浆浓度升高有关。饮食不是一个重要的预测因素。
PBB-153 体内负荷升高的重要相关因素是年龄增长和婴儿期母乳喂养史。教育、吸烟和大量饮酒是大多数阻燃剂体内负荷升高的重要预测因素。本研究通过关注一个研究不足的人群，填补了环境健康文献中的一个重要空白。
