Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS), Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-39231 Kalmar, Sweden.
York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK.
Viruses. 2020 Jan 30;12(2):158. doi: 10.3390/v12020158.
Viruses in aquatic environments play a key role in microbial population dynamics and nutrient cycling. In particular, bacteria of the phylum are known to participate in recycling algal blooms. Studies of phage-host interactions involving this phylum are hence important to understand the processes shaping bacterial and viral communities in the ocean as well as nutrient cycling. In this study, we isolated and sequenced three strains of flavobacteria-LMO6, LMO9, LMO8-and 38 virulent phages infecting them. These phages represent 15 species, occupying three novel genera. Additionally, one temperate phage was induced from LMO6 and was found to be competent at infecting LMO9. Functions could be predicted for a limited number of phage genes, mainly representing roles in DNA replication and virus particle formation. No metabolic genes were detected. While the phages isolated on LMO8 could infect all three bacterial strains, the LMO6 and LMO9 phages could not infect LMO8. Of the phages isolated on LMO9, several showed a host-derived reduced efficiency of plating on LMO6, potentially due to differences in DNA methyltransferase genes. Overall, these phage-host systems contribute novel genetic information to our sequence databases and present valuable tools for the study of both virulent and temperate phages.
水生环境中的病毒在微生物种群动态和营养循环中起着关键作用。特别是，已知门的细菌参与了藻类水华的再循环。因此，研究涉及该门的噬菌体-宿主相互作用对于了解塑造海洋中细菌和病毒群落以及营养循环的过程非常重要。在这项研究中，我们分离并测序了三种黄杆菌-LMO6、LMO9 和 LMO8-以及 38 种感染它们的烈性噬菌体。这些噬菌体代表 15 个种，占据三个新属。此外，从 LMO6 诱导出一种温和噬菌体，发现它能够感染 LMO9。可以预测少数噬菌体基因的功能，主要代表 DNA 复制和病毒颗粒形成的作用。未检测到代谢基因。虽然在 LMO8 上分离的噬菌体可以感染所有三种细菌菌株，但 LMO6 和 LMO9 噬菌体不能感染 LMO8。在从 LMO9 上分离的噬菌体中，有几个在 LMO6 上的宿主衍生的效价降低，可能是由于 DNA 甲基转移酶基因的差异。总的来说，这些噬菌体-宿主系统为我们的序列数据库提供了新的遗传信息，并为研究烈性和温和噬菌体提供了有价值的工具。
