Via Venezuela 66, 98121 Messina, Italy, Independent Researcher.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Filippo Del Ponte" Hospital, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.
Biomolecules. 2020 Feb 2;10(2):219. doi: 10.3390/biom10020219.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and B vitamins are linked to metabolic and degenerative disorders, such as cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline. In the last two decades, the interplay between B vitamins and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids gained increasing attention. Expression control on enzymes involved in the pathway of homocysteine by polyunsaturated fatty acids has been proposed. The methylation process seems crucial for the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and their distribution within the body. This review summarizes the available data in humans about the link between homocysteine and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, with a special focus on the meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials. Even if the paucity of available information about the topic does not allow for definitive conclusions, a synergic action between polyunsaturated fatty acids and B vitamins may play a key role in regulating several metabolic pathways. This element could explain a stronger action on homocysteine levels when omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and B vitamins are supplemented simultaneously. To date, a robust rationale of intervention to prevent metabolic diseases is lacking and could be beneficial for individual health and healthcare policy.
ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸和 B 族维生素与代谢和退行性疾病有关，如心血管疾病和认知能力下降。在过去的二十年中，B 族维生素和 ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸之间的相互作用受到了越来越多的关注。有人提出，多不饱和脂肪酸对同型半胱氨酸途径中酶的表达控制。甲基化过程似乎对多不饱和脂肪酸的代谢及其在体内的分布至关重要。本综述总结了目前关于同型半胱氨酸与 ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸之间关系的人类可用数据，特别关注随机临床试验的荟萃分析。尽管关于这一主题的可用信息有限，无法得出明确的结论，但多不饱和脂肪酸和 B 族维生素之间的协同作用可能在调节多种代谢途径方面发挥关键作用。这一因素可以解释为什么当同时补充 ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸和 B 族维生素时，同型半胱氨酸水平的作用更强。迄今为止，缺乏预防代谢性疾病的有力干预理由，这可能对个人健康和医疗保健政策有益。
