Montagnoli Antonio, Lasserre Bruno, Sferra Gabriella, Chiatante Donato, Scippa Gabriella Stefania, Terzaghi Mattia, Dumroese R Kasten
Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, University of Insubria, Via Dunant, 3 - 21100 Varese, Italy.
Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Isernia, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Feb 2;9(2):181. doi: 10.3390/plants9020181.
The coarse roots of included in the cage are the ones most involved in tree stability. This study explored the variations in traits, such as volume, cross-sectional area, and radius length of cage roots, and used those data to develop a mathematical model to better understand the type of forces occurring for each shallow lateral root segment belonging to different quadrants of the three-dimensional (3D) root system architecture. The pattern and intensity of these forces were modelled along the root segment from the branching point to the cage edge. Data of root cage volume in the upper 30 cm of soil showed a higher value in the downslope and windward quadrant while, at a deeper soil depth (> 30 cm), we found higher values in both upslope and leeward quadrants. The analysis of radius length and the cross-sectional area of the shallow lateral roots revealed the presence of a considerable degree of eccentricity of the annual rings at the branching point and at the cage edge. This eccentricity is due to the formation of compression wood, and the eccentricity changes from the top portion at the branching point to the bottom portion at the cage edge, which we hypothesize may be a response to the variation in mechanical forces occurring in the various zones of the cage. This hypothesis is supported by a mathematical model that shows how the pattern and intensity of different types of mechanical forces are present within the various quadrants of the same root system from the taproot to the cage edge.
网笼内包含的粗根是对树木稳定性影响最大的根系。本研究探讨了网笼根的体积、横截面积和半径长度等性状的变化，并利用这些数据建立了一个数学模型，以更好地理解三维（3D）根系结构不同象限中每个浅层侧根段所受的力的类型。这些力的模式和强度沿着从分支点到网笼边缘的根段进行建模。土壤上层30厘米处的根笼体积数据显示，下坡和迎风象限的值较高，而在更深的土壤深度（>30厘米），我们发现上坡和背风象限的值较高。对浅层侧根半径长度和横截面积的分析表明，在分支点和网笼边缘处年轮存在相当程度的偏心。这种偏心是由于受压木的形成，并且偏心从分支点的顶部到网笼边缘的底部发生变化，我们推测这可能是对网笼不同区域中出现的机械力变化的一种响应。这一假设得到了一个数学模型的支持，该模型展示了从主根到网笼边缘的同一根系的不同象限内不同类型机械力的模式和强度。
