Center for Research on Population Health, INSP (Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública), Cuernavaca, Mexico.
Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
Nutr J. 2020 Feb 5;19(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s12937-020-0527-2.
Among potentially modifiable factors, dairy product consumption has been inconsistently associated with hypertension risk. The objective of this study was to investigate the relation between dairy product consumption and the risk of hypertension among middle-aged women.
In a prospective cohort of 40,526 French women, there were 9340 new cases of hypertension after an average 12.2 years of follow up. Consumptions of milk, yogurt, and types of cheese were assessed at baseline using a validated dietary questionnaire. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for hypertension were estimated with multivariate Cox models with age as the time scale.
The mean dairy consumption was 2.2 + 1.2 servings/day, as cottage cheese (0.2 + 0.2 servings/day), yogurt (0.6 + 0.5 servings/day), milk (0.4 + 0.7 servings/day), and cheese (1.1 + 0.8 servings/day). There was no association between risk of hypertension and total dairy consumption (multivariate HR for the fifth vs. first quintile HR = 0.97 [0.91; 1.04]). There was no association with any specific type of dairy, except for a positive association between processed cheese consumption and hypertension (multivariate HR 1.12 [1.06; 1.18]; p trend = < 0.003).
In this large prospective cohort of French women, overall consumption of dairy products was not associated with the risk of hypertension. Results regarding processed cheese must be further confirmed.
在潜在的可改变因素中，乳制品的摄入与高血压风险的关系一直存在争议。本研究旨在调查中年女性乳制品摄入与高血压风险之间的关系。
在一项对 40526 名法国女性的前瞻性队列研究中，平均随访 12.2 年后，有 9340 例新发生高血压。基线时使用经过验证的饮食问卷评估牛奶、酸奶和奶酪类型的摄入量。使用多变量 Cox 模型，以年龄为时间尺度，估计高血压的风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
平均乳制品摄入量为 2.2±1.2 份/天，其中奶酪干酪（0.2±0.2 份/天）、酸奶（0.6±0.5 份/天）、牛奶（0.4±0.7 份/天）和奶酪（1.1±0.8 份/天）。乳制品总摄入量与高血压风险之间没有关联（第五与第一五分位数的多变量 HR 为 0.97 [0.91; 1.04]）。与任何特定类型的乳制品都没有关联，除了加工奶酪的摄入与高血压呈正相关（多变量 HR 为 1.12 [1.06; 1.18]；趋势 p 值<0.003）。
在这项对法国女性的大型前瞻性队列研究中，乳制品的总摄入量与高血压风险无关。关于加工奶酪的结果需要进一步证实。
