Filgueiras Alberto, Hall Craig R
Departamento de Fundamentos em Psicologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, sala 10030, Bloco E, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-900, Brazil.
School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Psicol Reflex Crit. 2017 Oct 4;30(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s41155-017-0075-7.
Imagery can be defined as the ability to represent and rehearse in the mind behaviors related to a given situation. The Sport Imagery Questionnaire was developed to measure the frequency of imagery use among athletes. The present study aimed to adapt and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of this instrument. Study 1 appraised content validity using five sport scientists as judges to quantify the quality of the adaptation for each item; then the Content Validity Coefficient was calculated. Study 2 had 260 athletes from six types of sport answer the Brazilian questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test factorial validity, Cronbach's alpha was calculated to assess reliability, and comparisons between groups were used as criterion validity. Study 1 results showed good quality of the adaptation according to the judges. Study 2 showed a 5-factor latent structure which corroborates with the literature. Reliability of the scale was high (α = .91), whereas separately subscales ranged between Motivational General: Arousal (α = .87) and Motivational Specific (α = .94). Regarding group differences, sex showed no significant difference between men and women (p = .55; d = .09) and neither did levels of practice between amateur, semi-professionals and professional athletes (p = .71; f = .07). Types of sports revealed moderate effect size and significantly less imagery practice among synchronized swimming, football and beach volleyball athletes, whereas mixed martial artists showed higher frequency of imagery (p < .05; f = .23). Factor structure, reliability and validity of mixed groups are evidence of a successful cross-cultural adaptation of the Sport Imagery Questionnaire to Brazil.
表象可以被定义为在脑海中呈现和演练与给定情境相关行为的能力。运动表象问卷旨在测量运动员使用表象的频率。本研究旨在对该工具的巴西版本进行改编并评估其心理测量特性。研究1以五位体育科学家为评判者，通过评估内容效度来量化每个项目改编的质量；然后计算内容效度系数。研究2让来自六种运动项目的260名运动员回答巴西版问卷。进行探索性和验证性因素分析以检验因素效度，计算克朗巴哈系数以评估信度，并将组间比较用作效标效度。研究1的结果表明，评判者认为改编质量良好。研究2显示出一个五因素潜在结构，这与文献相符。该量表的信度较高（α = 0.91），而各个子量表的范围在动机一般性：唤醒（α = 0.87）和动机特殊性（α = 0.94）之间。关于组间差异，男性和女性在性别上没有显著差异（p = 0.55；d = 0.09），业余、半职业和职业运动员在训练水平上也没有显著差异（p = 0.71；f = 0.07）。运动项目类型显示出中等效应量，花样游泳、足球和沙滩排球运动员的表象练习显著较少，而综合格斗运动员的表象频率较高（p < 0.05；f = 0.23）。混合组的因素结构、信度和效度证明了运动表象问卷成功地跨文化改编到了巴西。
