Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2020 May;40(3):300-307. doi: 10.1111/opo.12673. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
Many myopia control interventions are designed to induce myopic relative peripheral refraction. However, myopes tend to show asymmetries in their sensitivity to defocus, seeing better with hypermetropic rather than myopic defocus. This study aims to determine the influence of chromatic aberrations (CA) and higher-order monochromatic aberrations (HOA) in the peripheral asymmetry to defocus.
Peripheral (20° nasal visual field) low-contrast (10%) resolution acuity of nine subjects (four myopes, four emmetropes, one hypermetrope) was evaluated under induced myopic and hypermetropic defocus between ±5 D, under four conditions: (a) Peripheral Best Sphere and Cylinder (BSC) correction in white light; (b) Peripheral BSC correction + CA elimination (green light); (c) Peripheral BSC correction + HOA correction in white light; and (d) Peripheral BSC correction + CA elimination + HOA correction. No cycloplegia was used, and all measurements were repeated three times.
The slopes of the peripheral acuity as a function of positive and negative defocus differed, especially when the natural HOA and CA were present. This asymmetry was quantified as the average of the absolute sum of positive and negative defocus slopes for all subjects (AVS). The AVS was 0.081 and 0.063 logMAR/D for white and green light respectively, when the ocular HOA were present. With adaptive optics correction for HOA, the asymmetry reduced to 0.021 logMAR/D for white and 0.031 logMAR/D for green light, mainly because the sensitivity to hypermetropic defocus increased when HOA were corrected.
The asymmetry was only slightly affected by the elimination of the CA of the eye, whereas adaptive optics correction for HOA reduced the asymmetry. The HOA mainly affected the sensitivity to hypermetropic defocus.
许多近视控制干预措施旨在诱导近视离焦。然而，近视者往往表现出对离焦的敏感性不对称，远视离焦的视力比近视离焦好。本研究旨在确定周边离焦不对称的色差（CA）和高阶单色像差（HOA）的影响。
在四种条件下，评估了 9 名受试者（4 名近视者、4 名正视者和 1 名远视者）的周边（20°鼻侧视野）低对比度（10%）分辨率视力，在±5D 的诱导性近视和远视离焦下：（a）白光下周边最佳球镜和柱镜（BSC）矫正；（b）绿光下周边 BSC 矫正+CA 消除；（c）白光下周边 BSC 矫正+HOA 矫正；（d）绿光下周边 BSC 矫正+CA 消除+HOA 矫正。未使用睫状肌麻痹剂，所有测量均重复三次。
正、负离焦周边视力的斜率不同，尤其是在存在自然 HOA 和 CA 时。这种不对称性被定义为所有受试者的正、负离焦斜率绝对值之和的平均值（AVS）。当眼内 HOA 存在时，AVS 分别为 0.081 和 0.063 logMAR/D 用于白光和绿光。使用自适应光学校正 HOA 后，白光下的不对称性降低到 0.021 logMAR/D，绿光下的不对称性降低到 0.031 logMAR/D，主要是因为 HOA 校正后远视离焦的敏感性增加。
CA 的消除对不对称性的影响很小，而 HOA 的自适应光学校正则降低了不对称性。HOA 主要影响远视离焦的敏感性。
