Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute; 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Nutrients. 2020 Feb 4;12(2):405. doi: 10.3390/nu12020405.
Soda consumption in adolescents has been linked to poorer metabolic outcomes. We tested whether replacing soda with reduced fat milk would improve features of atherogenic dyslipidemia and other cardiometabolic risk factors. Thirty overweight and obese adolescent boys who were habitual consumers of sugar-sweetened beverages were randomly assigned to consume 24 oz/day of sugar-sweetened soda or an energy equivalent of reduced fat (2%) milk for 3 weeks with crossover to the alternate beverage after a ≥ 2 weeks washout. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins and other laboratory measures were assessed after each beverage period. Lipid and lipoprotein measurements, C-reactive protein, and serum transaminases did not differ significantly between the soda and milk phases of the study. Systolic blood pressure -score and uric acid concentration were significantly lower after consuming milk compared to soda. Milk consumption also significantly decreased plasma glucosyl ceramide (d18:1/C16:0) and lactosylceramides (d18:1/C16:0 and d18:1/C18:0). While no effects of replacing soda with milk on lipid and lipoprotein measurements were observed in these normolipidemic weight-stable adolescent boys, decreases in systolic blood pressure, uric acid, and glycosphingolipids suggest that an overall favorable effect on cardiometabolic risk can be achieved following a short-term dietary intervention.
青少年饮用苏打水与较差的代谢结果有关。我们测试了用低脂牛奶代替苏打水是否会改善动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常和其他心血管代谢危险因素的特征。30 名超重和肥胖的青少年男性习惯性饮用含糖饮料，他们被随机分配每天饮用 24 盎司含糖苏打水或能量相等的低脂（2%）牛奶，在≥2 周洗脱期后交叉饮用另一种饮料。在每个饮料期后评估血浆脂质和脂蛋白及其他实验室指标。在研究的苏打水和牛奶阶段，脂质和脂蛋白测量值、C 反应蛋白和血清转氨酶没有显著差异。与苏打水相比，饮用牛奶后收缩压评分和尿酸浓度显著降低。牛奶消费还显著降低了血浆葡萄糖神经酰胺（d18:1/C16:0）和乳糖神经酰胺（d18:1/C16:0 和 d18:1/C18:0）。虽然在这些血脂正常且体重稳定的青少年男性中，用牛奶代替苏打水对血脂和脂蛋白测量值没有影响，但收缩压、尿酸和糖脂的降低表明，短期饮食干预后可以实现对心血管代谢风险的整体有利影响。
