Castro-Muñoz Roberto, Ahmad Mohd Zamidi, Fíla Vlastimil
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico.
Organic Materials Innovation Center (OMIC), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Front Chem. 2020 Jan 21;7:897. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00897. eCollection 2019.
Several concepts of membranes have emerged, aiming at the enhancement of separation performance, as well as some other physicochemical properties, of the existing membrane materials. One of these concepts is the well-known mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), which combine the features of inorganic (e.g., zeolites, metal-organic frameworks, graphene, and carbon-based materials) and polymeric (e.g., polyimides, polymers of intrinsic microporosity, polysulfone, and cellulose acetate) materials. To date, it is likely that such a concept has been widely explored and developed toward low-permeability polyimides for gas separation, such as oxydianiline (ODA), tetracarboxylic dianhydride-diaminophenylindane (BTDA-DAPI), -phenylenediamine (-PDA), and hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA). When dealing with the gas separation performance of polyimide-based MMMs, these membranes tend to display some deficiency according to the poor polyimide-filler compatibility, which has promoted the tuning of chemical properties of those filling materials. This approach has indeed enhanced the polymer-filler interfaces, providing synergic MMMs with superior gas separation performance. Herein, the goal of this review paper is to give a critical overview of the current insights in fabricating MMMs based on chemically modified filling nanomaterials and low-permeability polyimides for selective gas separation. Special interest has been paid to the chemical modification protocols of the fillers (including good filler dispersion) and thus the relevant experimental results provoked by such approaches. Moreover, some principles, as well as the main drawbacks, occurring during the MMM preparation are also given.
为了提高现有膜材料的分离性能以及其他一些物理化学性质，已经出现了几种膜的概念。其中一个概念是众所周知的混合基质膜（MMM），它结合了无机材料（如沸石、金属有机框架、石墨烯和碳基材料）和聚合物材料（如聚酰亚胺、固有微孔聚合物、聚砜和醋酸纤维素）的特性。迄今为止，这种概念可能已被广泛探索并应用于低渗透性聚酰亚胺用于气体分离，如氧化二苯胺（ODA）、四羧酸二酐-二氨基苯基茚满（BTDA-DAPI）、对苯二胺（-PDA）和羟基苯甲酸（HBA）。在处理基于聚酰亚胺的MMM的气体分离性能时，由于聚酰亚胺与填料的相容性差，这些膜往往表现出一些不足，这促使人们对那些填充材料的化学性质进行调整。这种方法确实增强了聚合物-填料界面，为协同MMM提供了优异的气体分离性能。在此，本综述文章的目的是对基于化学改性填充纳米材料和低渗透性聚酰亚胺制备用于选择性气体分离的MMM的当前见解进行批判性综述。特别关注了填料的化学改性方案（包括良好的填料分散）以及由此类方法引发的相关实验结果。此外，还给出了MMM制备过程中出现的一些原理以及主要缺点。
