Forbes I, Gray A, Hurse A, Pavillard R
Med J Aust. 1977;1(1-2):14-6. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1977.tb130463.x.
Between March and December, 1975, an outbreak of infection with gentamicin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (klebsiella (Gmr)) occurred at the Royal Melbourne Hospital. The klebsiellae were considered to be causing significant infection in 24 of 42 patients harbouring the microorganism. Commonest culture sources were urine and sputum, all but one of the significant urinary infections being associated with indwelling bladder catheters. Antibiotic therapy had been given to 40 patients before the isolation of klebsiella (Gmr), and of these 22 had received gentamicin. Cross infection was a major factor in the outbreak, and control measures (to limit this aspect and curtail the usage of gentamicin) have prevented wider spread within the hospital; at the time of writing the microorganism had been eradicated from all but one of the infected patients. It was shown that klebsiella (Gmr) carry an R-factor capable of transferring gentamicin resistance. Of 22 isolates tested quantitatively, 20 were resistant to 10 mug/ml of gentamicin.
1975年3月至12月期间，墨尔本皇家医院爆发了对庆大霉素耐药的肺炎克雷伯菌（耐庆大霉素克雷伯菌）感染疫情。在携带该微生物的42名患者中，有24名患者的克雷伯菌被认为引起了严重感染。最常见的培养来源是尿液和痰液，除1例严重尿路感染外，其余均与留置膀胱导管有关。在耐庆大霉素克雷伯菌分离出来之前，已有40名患者接受了抗生素治疗，其中22名患者接受了庆大霉素治疗。交叉感染是此次疫情的一个主要因素，控制措施（限制这一方面并减少庆大霉素的使用）防止了该病菌在医院内进一步传播；在撰写本文时，除1名感染患者外，所有感染患者体内的该微生物均已被根除。研究表明，耐庆大霉素克雷伯菌携带一种能够传递庆大霉素耐药性的R因子。在对22株分离菌进行定量测试时，有20株对10微克/毫升的庆大霉素耐药。
