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1 月龄时人乳寡糖 2'-岩藻糖基乳糖的喂养与正常和超重母亲的婴儿 24 月龄时的认知发育相关。

Human milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose links feedings at 1 month to cognitive development at 24 months in infants of normal and overweight mothers.

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.

Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2020 Feb 12;15(2):e0228323. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228323. eCollection 2020.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0228323
PMID:32049968
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7015316/
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Infant cognitive development is influenced by maternal factors that range from obesity to early feeding and breast milk composition. Animal studies suggest a role for human milk oligosaccharide (HMO), 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL), on learning and memory, yet no human studies have examined its impact on infant cognitive development relative to other HMOs and maternal factors. OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of 2'FL from breast milk feeding on infant cognitive development at 24 months of age relative to maternal obesity and breast milk feeding frequency. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Hispanic mother-infant pairs (N = 50) were recruited across the spectrum of pre-pregnancy BMI. Breast milk was collected at 1 and 6 months, and feedings/day were reported. Nineteen HMOs were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography, with initial interest in 2'FL. Infant cognitive development score was assessed with the Bayley-III Scale at 24 months. Linear regressions were used for prediction, and bootstrapping to determine mediation by 2'FL. RESULTS: Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was not related to feedings/day or HMOs, but predicted poorer infant cognitive development (β = -0.31, P = 0.03). Feedings/day (β = 0.34) and 2'FL (β = 0.59) at 1 month predicted better infant cognitive development (both P≤ 0.01). The association of feedings/day with infant cognitive development was no longer significant after further adjustment for 2'FL (estimated mediation effect = 0.13, P = 0.04). There were no associations of feedings/day and 2'FL at 6 months with infant cognitive development. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that maternal factors influence infant cognitive development through multiple means. Though maternal obesity may be a separate negative influence, greater frequency of breast milk feeding at 1 month contributed to infant cognitive development through greater exposure to 2'FL relative to other HMOs. The influence of 2'FL was not significant at 6 months, indicating that early exposure to 2'FL may be a critical temporal window for positively influencing infant cognitive development.

摘要

背景：婴儿的认知发展受到母亲因素的影响，这些因素从肥胖到早期喂养和母乳成分不等。动物研究表明，人乳寡糖（HMO）2'-岩藻糖基乳糖（2'FL）在学习和记忆方面发挥作用，但尚无人类研究检查其相对于其他 HMO 和母亲因素对婴儿认知发展的影响。

目的：确定母乳喂养中 2'FL 对 24 个月龄婴儿认知发展的影响，相对于母亲肥胖和母乳喂养频率。

方法和材料：在整个孕前 BMI 范围内招募了西班牙裔母婴对（N = 50）。在 1 个月和 6 个月时收集母乳，并报告每日喂养次数。使用高效液相色谱法分析了 19 种 HMO，最初对 2'FL 感兴趣。在 24 个月时使用 Bayley-III 量表评估婴儿认知发育评分。使用线性回归进行预测，并使用自举法确定 2'FL 的中介作用。

结果：母亲孕前 BMI 与每日喂养次数或 HMO 无关，但预测婴儿认知发育较差（β = -0.31，P = 0.03）。1 个月时的每日喂养次数（β = 0.34）和 2'FL（β = 0.59）预测婴儿认知发育更好（均 P≤0.01）。在进一步调整 2'FL 后，每日喂养次数与婴儿认知发育的关联不再显著（估计的中介效应 = 0.13，P = 0.04）。6 个月时的每日喂养次数和 2'FL 与婴儿认知发育均无关联。

结论：我们的研究结果表明，母亲因素通过多种方式影响婴儿的认知发育。尽管母亲肥胖可能是另一个负面影响，但与其他 HMO 相比，1 个月时母乳喂养频率更高，会使婴儿接触到更多的 2'FL，从而促进婴儿的认知发育。6 个月时 2'FL 的影响不显著，这表明早期接触 2'FL 可能是对婴儿认知发育产生积极影响的关键时间窗口。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c342/7015316/e129eed8695c/pone.0228323.g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c342/7015316/5cb2ec0bf494/pone.0228323.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c342/7015316/b4953bd1333b/pone.0228323.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c342/7015316/e129eed8695c/pone.0228323.g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c342/7015316/5cb2ec0bf494/pone.0228323.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c342/7015316/b4953bd1333b/pone.0228323.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c342/7015316/e129eed8695c/pone.0228323.g003.jpg

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