El Bizri Issam, Batsis John A
Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
Section of General Internal Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.
Proc Nutr Soc. 2020 Feb 14:1-9. doi: 10.1017/S0029665120000075.
Recognising the adverse outcomes that occur to obese adults over the age of 65 years with loss of muscle mass or strength, or sarcopenia is important. We will review the definitions of sarcopenic obesity, and attempt to link the epidemiological data with the molecular pathways. Upon understanding the model of sarcopenic obesity, we will discuss targeted interventions and further challenges to address this geriatric syndrome. As our understanding of this syndrome is growing, more data are emerging to help define sarcopenic obesity across different populations. We now have a better understanding of biological pathways in ageing such as changes in body composition, sex-specific hormones, pro-inflammatory markers and myocellular mechanisms. We will review a comprehensive model that shows the interactions between the different pathways leading to sarcopenic obesity. Such a model will explain the promising interventions in place and invite future ones. Sarcopenic obesity is an important geriatric syndrome with significant clinical and healthcare implications. Further research is needed to harmonise definitions, clarify mechanisms contributing to syndrome and use evidence-based interventions to target biological mechanisms in both research and clinical settings.
认识到65岁以上肥胖成年人出现肌肉量或力量丧失（即肌肉减少症）的不良后果很重要。我们将回顾肌肉减少性肥胖的定义，并尝试将流行病学数据与分子途径联系起来。在了解肌肉减少性肥胖模型后，我们将讨论针对性干预措施以及应对这一老年综合征的进一步挑战。随着我们对这种综合征的认识不断加深，越来越多的数据正在涌现，以帮助界定不同人群中的肌肉减少性肥胖。我们现在对衰老过程中的生物学途径有了更好的理解，例如身体成分变化、性别特异性激素、促炎标志物和肌细胞机制。我们将回顾一个综合模型，该模型展示了导致肌肉减少性肥胖的不同途径之间的相互作用。这样一个模型将解释现有的有前景的干预措施，并引出未来的干预措施。肌肉减少性肥胖是一种重要的老年综合征，具有重大的临床和医疗保健意义。需要进一步研究以统一定义、阐明导致该综合征的机制，并在研究和临床环境中使用基于证据的干预措施来针对生物学机制。
