Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2020 Apr;18(4):349-366. doi: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1730813. Epub 2020 Mar 2.
: Compared to , coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are characterized by a lower capacity to cause acute, live-threatened infections. CoNS are, however, of ever increasing importance as pathogens causing infections in immunocompromised patients and after foreign-material implantation. Typically, antibiotics fail to cure foreign body-related infections and removal of the implanted device is inevitable.: This review focuses on the emergence of CoNS species, their pathogenic potential in particular due to their ability to form therapy-refractory biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces and evasion strategies to resist host response and antibiotic treatment. Their medical significance and proven and novel therapy strategies are discussed.: CoNS contribute significantly to morbidity and socio-economic costs. The anticipated developments in modern medicine, in particular the increasing use of foreign materials and the rising numbers of immunocompromised patients, as well as the changing demographic and hospital-related factors will inevitably contribute to further emergence of CoNS infections. Increasing rates of (multi-)resistant CoNS strains will limit the therapeutic armamentarium and aggravate treatment strategies. Increased research is necessary to understand their role as resistance and virulence gene reservoir and to reduce CoNS infections by the development of innovative colonization-preventing materials and other CoNS-tailored treatment strategies.
与凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌相比，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CoNS）的特征是引起急性、危及生命的感染的能力较低。然而，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌作为引起免疫功能低下患者和异物植入后感染的病原体，其重要性日益增加。通常，抗生素无法治愈与异物相关的感染，植入装置的去除是不可避免的。
这篇综述重点介绍了凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的出现，以及它们由于能够在生物和非生物表面形成治疗耐药生物膜以及逃避宿主反应和抗生素治疗的策略而导致的潜在致病性。讨论了它们的医学意义以及已证实和新的治疗策略。
凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对发病率和社会经济成本有重大影响。现代医学的预期发展，特别是异物使用的增加和免疫功能低下患者数量的增加，以及人口统计学和医院相关因素的变化，不可避免地会导致凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌感染的进一步出现。（多）耐药凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌菌株的增加率将限制治疗手段，并加重治疗策略。需要进行更多的研究，以了解它们作为耐药性和毒力基因库的作用，并通过开发创新的定植预防材料和其他针对凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的治疗策略来减少凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌感染。
