Cosper Pippa F, Abel Lindsey, Lee Yong-Syu, Paz Cristina, Kaushik Saakshi, Nickel Kwangok P, Alexandridis Roxana, Scott Jacob G, Bruce Justine Y, Kimple Randall J
Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 Feb 12;12(2):419. doi: 10.3390/cancers12020419.
Patient-derived model systems are important tools for studying novel anti-cancer therapies. Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) have gained favor over the last 10 years as newer mouse strains have improved the success rate of establishing PDXs from patient biopsies. PDXs can be engrafted from head and neck cancer (HNC) samples across a wide range of cancer stages, retain the genetic features of their human source, and can be treated with both chemotherapy and radiation, allowing for clinically relevant studies. Not only do PDXs allow for the study of patient tissues in an in vivo model, they can also provide a renewable source of cancer cells for organoid cultures. Herein, we review the uses of HNC patient-derived models for radiation research, including approaches to establishing both orthotopic and heterotopic PDXs, approaches and potential pitfalls to delivering chemotherapy and radiation to these animal models, biological advantages and limitations, and alternatives to animal studies that still use patient-derived tissues.
患者来源的模型系统是研究新型抗癌疗法的重要工具。在过去10年中，随着更新的小鼠品系提高了从患者活检组织建立患者来源异种移植瘤（PDX）的成功率，PDX受到了青睐。PDX可以从广泛癌症阶段的头颈癌（HNC）样本中移植，保留其人类来源的遗传特征，并且可以接受化疗和放疗，从而进行临床相关研究。PDX不仅允许在体内模型中研究患者组织，还可以为类器官培养提供可再生的癌细胞来源。在此，我们综述了HNC患者来源模型在放射研究中的应用，包括建立原位和异位PDX的方法、对这些动物模型进行化疗和放疗的方法及潜在陷阱、生物学优势和局限性，以及仍使用患者来源组织的动物研究的替代方法。
