使用溶液X射线散射技术研究病毒。
Studying viruses using solution X-ray scattering.
作者信息
Khaykelson Daniel, Raviv Uri
机构信息
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel.
Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel.
出版信息
Biophys Rev. 2020 Feb;12(1):41-48. doi: 10.1007/s12551-020-00617-4. Epub 2020 Feb 15.
Abstract
Viruses have been of interest to mankind since their discovery as small infectious agents in the nineteenth century. Because many viruses cause diseases to humans and agriculture, they were rigorously studied for biological and medical purposes. Viruses have remarkable properties such as the symmetry and self-assembly of their protein envelope, maturation into infectious virions, structural stability, and disassembly. Solution X-ray scattering can probe structures and reactions in solutions, down to subnanometer spatial resolution and millisecond temporal resolution. It probes the bulk solution and reveals the average shape and average mass of particles in solution and can be used to study kinetics and thermodynamics of viruses at different stages of their life cycle. Here we review recent work that demonstrates the capabilities of solution X-ray scattering to study in vitro the viral life cycle.
摘要
自19世纪作为微小的传染因子被发现以来，病毒一直吸引着人类的关注。由于许多病毒会引发人类疾病和农业病害，因此出于生物学和医学目的对其进行了深入研究。病毒具有显著的特性，如蛋白质包膜的对称性和自组装、成熟为有感染性的病毒粒子、结构稳定性和解聚。溶液X射线散射能够探测溶液中的结构和反应，空间分辨率可达亚纳米级，时间分辨率可达毫秒级。它探测整体溶液，揭示溶液中粒子的平均形状和平均质量，可用于研究病毒在其生命周期不同阶段的动力学和热力学。在此，我们综述了近期的研究工作，这些工作展示了溶液X射线散射在体外研究病毒生命周期的能力。
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