Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China.
Endocrinology. 2020 Apr 1;161(4). doi: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa023.
Vitamin D, an essential steroid hormone in the human body, plays an important role in not only the regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, but also in various physiological processes, such as cell differentiation and apoptosis, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Vitamin D receptors are widely distributed in male and female reproductive systems, suggesting that vitamin D is essential for fertility. Because vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent around the world, this review aims to discuss the potential functions of vitamin D in male and female reproductive systems and the associations between vitamin D and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. Vitamin D is involved in many physiological reproductive processes, including steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, and acrosome reaction. It is correlated with sperm quality, ovarian reserve, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and endometriosis, among others. Controversial clinical findings on vitamin D levels and ART outcomes were revealed in this review, and demonstrations of efficacy for human fertility in randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation are notably lacking. Thus, further studies are highly required involving molecular mechanisms among different species and human populations, as well as randomized controlled trials.
维生素 D 是人体内一种必需的甾体激素，不仅在钙磷代谢调节中发挥重要作用，而且在细胞分化和凋亡、炎症和胰岛素抵抗等各种生理过程中也发挥重要作用。维生素 D 受体广泛分布于男性和女性生殖系统中，这表明维生素 D 对生育能力至关重要。由于维生素 D 缺乏在全球范围内非常普遍，因此本综述旨在讨论维生素 D 在男性和女性生殖系统中的潜在功能，以及维生素 D 与辅助生殖技术（ART）结局之间的关联。维生素 D 参与许多生理生殖过程，包括类固醇生成、精子发生和顶体反应。它与精子质量、卵巢储备、多囊卵巢综合征和子宫内膜异位症等有关。本综述揭示了维生素 D 水平与 ART 结局的临床研究结果存在争议，并且缺乏维生素 D 补充的随机对照试验对人类生育力的疗效证据。因此，需要进行更多的研究，涉及不同物种和人群中的分子机制，以及随机对照试验。
