Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla - La Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain.
Department of Philosophy, Anthropology, Sociology and Aesthetics, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 13;17(4):1178. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17041178.
To describe how the assessors of dependency have perceived the process of implementation of the Dependency Act in Spain.
A qualitative method was used to analyse interview data (discourse analysis). Purposive sampling was applied. Sixteen occupational therapists were included, who served as dependency assessors in Extremadura, a region of southern Spain. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews between February and March 2019, focused on the characteristic of the Dependency Act. A discourse analysis of the narrative information was performed using processes of open, axial, and selective coding, as well as the constant comparative method.
Three topics were identified: (1) Benefits of implementation, connected with the consideration as subjects of rights and the increase in resources. (2) Difficulties linked to the bureaucratization of the process, the lack of sensitivity of the scale of assessment, and the unequal access to benefits and services. (3) The impact of the 2012 budget cuts on financing and on dependent people and their families.
The Dependency Act has established itself as a political tool that has generated important social and economic benefits. However, significant difficulties have emerged, which should be addressed to ensure better care for dependent persons.
描述依赖评估员如何看待西班牙《依赖法》的实施过程。
采用定性方法对访谈数据（话语分析）进行分析。采用目的抽样法，选取 16 名职业治疗师作为西班牙南部埃斯特雷马杜拉地区的依赖评估员，纳入标准为：（1）从事依赖评估工作至少 1 年；（2）愿意参与研究。数据收集于 2019 年 2 月至 3 月，采用半结构式访谈，重点关注《依赖法》的特点。对叙事信息进行话语分析，采用开放式、轴向式和选择性编码过程，以及恒定性比较方法。
确定了三个主题：（1）实施的好处，与将评估对象视为权利主体以及增加资源有关。（2）与该过程的官僚化、评估量表缺乏敏感性以及获得福利和服务的不平等有关的困难。（3）2012 年预算削减对资金以及对依赖者及其家庭的影响。
《依赖法》已确立为一种政治工具，带来了重要的社会和经济效益。然而，出现了重大困难，应予以解决，以确保为依赖者提供更好的护理。
