Daly Jamee, Smith Hayley, McGrice Hayley A, Kind Karen L, van Wettere William H E J
School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Feb 13;10(2):293. doi: 10.3390/ani10020293.
The Australian agricultural industry contributes AUD 47 billion to the Australian economy, and Australia is the world's largest exporter of sheep meat and the third largest for beef. Within Australia, sheep meat consumption continues to rise, with beef consumption being amongst the highest in the world; therefore, efficient strategies to increase herd/flock size are integral to the success of these industries. Reproductive management is crucial to increasing the efficiency of Australian breeding programs. The use of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) has the potential to increase efficiency significantly. The implementation of multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) and juvenile in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (JIVET) in combination with genomic selection and natural mating and AI is the most efficient way to increase genetic gain, and thus increase reproductive efficiency within the Australian livestock industries. However, ARTs are costly, and high variation, particularly between embryo transfer recipients in their ability to maintain pregnancy, is a significant constraint to the widespread commercial adoption of ARTs. The use of a phenotypic marker for the selection of recipients, as well as the better management of recipient animals, may be an efficient and cost-effective means to increase the productivity of the Australian livestock industry.
澳大利亚农业产业为澳大利亚经济贡献了470亿澳元，澳大利亚是全球最大的绵羊肉出口国和第三大牛肉出口国。在澳大利亚国内，绵羊肉消费量持续上升，牛肉消费量位居世界前列；因此，提高畜群/禽群规模的有效策略是这些产业取得成功的关键。繁殖管理对于提高澳大利亚育种计划的效率至关重要。使用辅助生殖技术（ART）有显著提高效率的潜力。将多次排卵和胚胎移植（MOET）以及幼畜体外受精和胚胎移植（JIVET）与基因组选择、自然交配和人工授精相结合，是增加遗传增益从而提高澳大利亚畜牧业繁殖效率的最有效方法。然而，ART成本高昂，特别是胚胎移植受体维持妊娠能力之间存在很大差异，这是ART广泛商业应用的重大制约因素。使用表型标记物来选择受体以及更好地管理受体动物，可能是提高澳大利亚畜牧业生产力的一种高效且具成本效益的手段。
