Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2020 Feb 18;20(1):82. doi: 10.1186/s12872-020-01337-z.
The effects of whole grain diet on cardiovascular risks in obese and overweight adults is not well established. Our goal was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of whole grain diet on cardiovascular risks in obese/overweight adults.
PubMed, Embase and Cochrane were systematically scanned for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and studies were selected based on certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. The primary outcome was the effectiveness of whole grain food consumption in reducing body weight. The secondary outcomes were the effect of whole grain food consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), insulin resistance index, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP), and waist circumference in obese/overweight adults.
Our results showed that whole grain consumption was associated with lower body weight (mean difference (MD) = - 0.5, 95% confidence intervals (CI) [- 0.74, 0.25], I = 35%, P < 0.0001) and lower CRP (MD = -0.36, 95% CI [- 0.54, - 0.18], I = 69%, P < 0.0001), compared with the control group. However, there were no significant differences in LDL-C (MD = -0.08, 95% CI [- 0.16, 0.00], I = 27%, P = 0.05), waist circumference (MD = -0.12, 95% CI [- 0.92, 0.68], I = 44%, P = 0.76), systolic blood pressure (MD = -0.11, 95% CI [- 1.55, 1.33], I = 3%, P = 0.88), diastolic blood pressure (MD = -0.44, 95% CI [- 1.44, 0.57], I = 15%, P = 0.39), and fasting glucose (MD = -0.05, 95% CI [- 0.12, 0.01], I = 31%, P = 0.11) between the two groups.
This study suggests that whole grain food consumption can slightly reduce body weight and CRP in obese/overweight population.
全谷物饮食对肥胖和超重成年人心血管风险的影响尚未得到充分证实。我们的目标是对全谷物饮食对肥胖/超重成年人心血管风险的影响进行系统评价和荟萃分析。
系统检索了 PubMed、Embase 和 Cochrane 中的随机对照试验（RCT），并根据某些纳入和排除标准选择了研究。主要结局是全谷物食品消费在减轻体重方面的有效性。次要结局是全谷物食品消费对心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素的影响，包括血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、胰岛素抵抗指数、血压、体重指数（BMI）、C 反应蛋白（CRP）和肥胖/超重成年人的腰围。
我们的结果表明，全谷物摄入与体重降低（平均差异（MD）= -0.5，95%置信区间（CI）[-0.74，0.25]，I=35%，P<0.0001）和 CRP 降低（MD=-0.36，95%CI[-0.54，-0.18]，I=69%，P<0.0001）相关，与对照组相比。然而，LDL-C 无显著差异（MD=-0.08，95%CI[-0.16，0.00]，I=27%，P=0.05），腰围（MD=-0.12，95%CI[-0.92，0.68]，I=44%，P=0.76），收缩压（MD=-0.11，95%CI[-1.55，1.33]，I=3%，P=0.88），舒张压（MD=-0.44，95%CI[-1.44，0.57]，I=15%，P=0.39）和空腹血糖（MD=-0.05，95%CI[-0.12，0.01]，I=31%，P=0.11）在两组之间无差异。
本研究表明，全谷物食品消费可轻度降低肥胖/超重人群的体重和 CRP。
