Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Campus Universitário, s/n, Capão do Leão, Prédio 25, Sala 12, CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
Braz J Biol. 2021 Jan-Feb;81(1):183-188. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.225856.
Gastrointestinal nematodes are responsible for great economic losses in sheep raising, and their control has long been carried out almost exclusively by the administration of anthelmintics, which have led to serious resistance problems. In the search for alternative control measures, phytotherapic research is highlighted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the action of Anethum graveolens (dill) essential oil on different stages of Haemonchus contortus life cycle, as well its cytotoxicity MDBK (Madin-Darby bovine kidney) cells. H. contortus larvae and eggs were obtained from infected sheep feces, and essential oil extracted from plant seeds through the Clevenger apparatus. 9.4, 4.7, 2.35, 1.17. 0.58 and 0.29 mg/mL concentrations were evaluated. The Egg Hatch Inhibition (HI), Larval Development Inhibition (LDI) and Larval Migration Inhibition (LMI) techniques were used. Thybendazole 0.025 mg/mL in HI and Levamisole 0.02 mg/mL in the LDI and LMI tests were used as positive controls, while distilled water and a Tween 80 solution were used as positive negative controls. The inhibition results obtained for the highest oil concentration were: HI 100%, LDI 98.58% and LMI 63.7%, differing (𝑝 <0.05) from negative controls. Main A. graveolens oil components present in 95.93% of the total oil were Dihydrocarvone (39.1%), Carvone (22.24%), D-Limonene (16.84%), Apiol (10.49%) and Trans-dihydrocarvone (7.26%). Minimum A. graveolens essential oil concentrations required to inhibit 50% (IC50) of egg hatching, larval development and larval migration were 0.006 mg/mL, 2.536 mg/mL and 3.963 mg/mL, respectively. Cell viability in MDBK (Madin-Darby bovine kidney) cells, when incubated with A. graveolens essential oil, was 86% for the highest (9.4 mg/mL) and 99% for the lowest concentration (0.29 mg/mL). A. graveolens essential oil, according to the results obtained in this study, is a promising alternative in sheep gastrointestinal nematode control.
胃肠道线虫是绵羊养殖中造成巨大经济损失的原因，长期以来，它们的控制几乎完全依赖于驱虫剂的管理，这导致了严重的耐药问题。在寻找替代控制措施的过程中，植物疗法研究受到了重视。本研究旨在评估芫荽（dill）精油对捻转血矛线虫生命周期不同阶段的作用，以及其对 MDBK（Madin-Darby 牛肾）细胞的细胞毒性。捻转血矛线虫幼虫和卵从感染绵羊粪便中获得，通过克利夫兰装置从植物种子中提取精油。评估了 9.4、4.7、2.35、1.17、0.58 和 0.29mg/mL 的浓度。使用卵孵化抑制（HI）、幼虫发育抑制（LDI）和幼虫迁移抑制（LMI）技术。HI 试验中使用噻苯达唑 0.025mg/mL 和 LDI 和 LMI 试验中使用左旋咪唑 0.02mg/mL 作为阳性对照，而蒸馏水和吐温 80 溶液作为阳性对照。获得的最高油浓度的抑制结果为：HI 为 100%，LDI 为 98.58%，LMI 为 63.7%，与阴性对照有显著差异（p<0.05）。芫荽精油的主要成分以 95.93%的总油存在，分别为二氢香芹酮（39.1%）、香芹酮（22.24%）、柠檬烯（16.84%）、阿魏醇（10.49%）和反式二氢香芹酮（7.26%）。抑制 50%（IC50）卵孵化、幼虫发育和幼虫迁移所需的芫荽精油最低浓度分别为 0.006mg/mL、2.536mg/mL 和 3.963mg/mL。当用芫荽精油孵育 MDBK（Madin-Darby 牛肾）细胞时，最高浓度（9.4mg/mL）的细胞活力为 86%，最低浓度（0.29mg/mL）的细胞活力为 99%。根据本研究的结果，芫荽精油是绵羊胃肠道线虫控制的一种有前途的替代方法。
