Joosten Philip, Ceccarelli Daniela, Odent Evelien, Sarrazin Steven, Graveland Haitske, Van Gompel Liese, Battisti Antonio, Caprioli Andrea, Franco Alessia, Wagenaar Jaap A, Mevius Dik, Dewulf Jeroen
Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2020 Feb 16;9(2):87. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9020087.
Companion animals have been described as potential reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), however data remain scarce. Therefore, the objectives were to describe antimicrobial usage (AMU) in dogs and cats in three European countries (Belgium, Italy, and The Netherlands) and to investigate phenotypic AMR. A questionnaire and one fecal sample per animal ( = 303) were collected over one year and AMU was quantified using treatment incidence (TI). Phenotypic resistance profiles of 282 isolates were determined. Nineteen percent of the animals received at least one antimicrobial treatment six months preceding sampling. On average, cats and dogs were treated with a standard daily dose of antimicrobials for 1.8 and 3.3 days over one year, respectively. The most frequently used antimicrobial was amoxicillin-clavulanate (27%). Broad-spectrum antimicrobials and critically important antimicrobials for human medicine represented 83% and 71% of the total number of treatments, respectively. Resistance of to at least one antimicrobial agent was found in 27% of the isolates. The most common resistance was to ampicillin (18%). Thirteen percent was identified as multidrug resistant isolates. No association between AMU and AMR was found in the investigated samples. The issue to address, regarding AMU in companion animal, lies within the quality of use, not the quantity. Especially from a One-Health perspective, companion animals might be a source of transmission of resistance genes and/or resistant bacteria to humans.
伴侣动物被认为是抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的潜在储存宿主，然而相关数据仍然匮乏。因此，本研究的目的是描述三个欧洲国家（比利时、意大利和荷兰）犬猫的抗菌药物使用情况（AMU），并调查表型AMR。在一年时间内收集了一份问卷和每只动物的一份粪便样本（n = 303），并使用治疗发生率（TI）对AMU进行量化。测定了282株分离菌的表型耐药谱。19%的动物在采样前六个月至少接受过一次抗菌治疗。平均而言，猫和狗一年中分别接受标准日剂量抗菌药物治疗的天数为1.8天和3.3天。最常用的抗菌药物是阿莫西林-克拉维酸（27%）。广谱抗菌药物和对人类医学至关重要的抗菌药物分别占治疗总数的83%和71%。在27%的分离菌中发现了对至少一种抗菌药物的耐药性。最常见的耐药是对氨苄西林（18%）。13%的分离菌被鉴定为多重耐药菌。在所调查的样本中未发现AMU与AMR之间存在关联。关于伴侣动物AMU需要解决的问题在于使用质量，而非使用量。特别是从“同一健康”的角度来看，伴侣动物可能是耐药基因和/或耐药菌向人类传播的一个来源。
