Clinic for Nuclear Medicine and Competence Center for Thyroid Diseases, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. De Bellis", Bari, Castellana Grotte, Italy.
Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2020 Mar;21(1):1-3. doi: 10.1007/s11154-020-09546-9.
Ketogenic diets have been proposed as a non-pharmacological strategy for the management of several chronic conditions. Their efficacy and safety have been evaluated in the field of neurology, oncology and endocrinology for disorders including cancer, dementia, drug-resistant epilepsy, migraines, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nutritional requirements of these subjects are expected to differ significantly. Indeed, although all ketogenic diets restrict carbohydrates, each intervention is characterized by a specific daily calorie intake, macronutrient composition and duration. However, the adopted nomenclature was often unclear to the general reader; also, the same abbreviations for different protocols were used. This possibly resulted in mistakes in the interpretation of the available evidence and limited the impact of studies on the topic in the clinical practice. Adopting a clear and consistent vocabulary is key in any context. Here, we present a practical and clinically-based proposal for the classification and abbreviation of ketogenic diets.
生酮饮食已被提议作为管理多种慢性疾病的非药物策略。它们的疗效和安全性已在神经病学、肿瘤学和内分泌学领域得到评估，适用于包括癌症、痴呆、耐药性癫痫、偏头痛、肥胖、多囊卵巢综合征和 2 型糖尿病在内的多种疾病。这些患者的营养需求预计会有显著差异。事实上，虽然所有生酮饮食都限制碳水化合物，但每种干预措施的特点是特定的每日热量摄入、宏量营养素组成和持续时间。然而，一般读者往往难以理解所采用的命名法；此外，不同方案使用相同的缩写。这可能导致对现有证据的解释出现错误，并限制了该主题研究在临床实践中的影响。在任何情况下，采用清晰一致的词汇都是关键。在这里，我们提出了一种实用且基于临床的生酮饮食分类和缩写建议。
