Taroyan Naira A, Butnicu Beatrice, Ypsilanti Antonia, Overton Paul G
Heart of the Campus, Collegiate Crescent Campus, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2020 Jan 31;14:7. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00007. eCollection 2020.
There is a current dispute over the origins, incidence, and development of Positivity Bias, i.e., preferential processing of positive relative to negative information. We addressed this question using a multi-method technique of behavioral, psychometric and event-related potential (ERP) measures in a lexical decision task (LDT). Twenty-four university students (11 female) participated (age range 18-26), but four were omitted owing to data issues. Participants were classified as Positivity Biased (PB) if their LDT responses to positive words were faster than negative words, and vice versa for those classified as Negativity Biased (NB), leading to a group of 11 PB participants and a group of 9 NB participants. Interestingly, the PB group was significantly faster overall than the NB group and had significantly shorter P2 component ERP latencies in the left occipital region. Furthermore, the PB group had significantly higher scores for expressive suppression (ES), together with higher scores for Crystallized Knowledge and for cognitive reappraisal (CR). These results suggest that around 55% of the students had Positivity Bias, and these were more efficient in processing information and had better emotion regulation abilities than those with a Negativity Bias.
目前对于积极偏差（即相对于负面信息而言对正面信息的优先加工）的起源、发生率和发展存在争议。我们在词汇判断任务（LDT）中使用行为、心理测量和事件相关电位（ERP）测量的多方法技术来解决这个问题。24名大学生（11名女性）参与了研究（年龄范围18 - 26岁），但由于数据问题有4名被排除。如果参与者在LDT中对正面词汇的反应快于负面词汇，则被归类为积极偏差（PB）组，反之则被归类为消极偏差（NB）组，最终得到11名PB参与者和9名NB参与者。有趣的是，PB组总体上比NB组反应显著更快，并且在左枕叶区域的P2成分ERP潜伏期显著更短。此外，PB组在表达抑制（ES）方面得分显著更高，同时在晶体知识和认知重评（CR）方面得分也更高。这些结果表明，约55%的学生存在积极偏差，并且与消极偏差的学生相比，他们在信息加工方面更高效，情绪调节能力也更好。
