Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, United Kingdom.
Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2020 Feb 21;15(2):e0223031. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223031. eCollection 2020.
Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis L. 1758) are important components of coastal ecosystems and in the economy of rural and coastal areas. The understanding of their physiological processes at key life stages is important both within food production systems and in the management of wild populations. Lipids are crucial molecules for bivalve growth, but their diversity and roles have not been fully characterised. In this study, traditional lipid profiling techniques, such as fatty acid (FA) and lipid class analysis, are combined to untargeted lipidomics to elucidate the lipid metabolism in newly settled spat fed on a range of diets. The evaluated diets included single strains treatments (Cylindrotheca fusiformis CCAP 1017/2 -CYL, Isochrysis galbana CCAP 927/1- ISO, Monodopsis subterranean CCAP 848/1 -MONO, Nannochloropsis oceanica CCAP 849/10- NANNO) and a commercial algae paste (SP). Spat growth was influenced by the diets, which, according to their efficacy were ranked as follows: ISO>NANNO/CYL>SP>MONO. A higher triacylglycerols (TG) content, ranging from 4.23±0.82 μg mgashfree Dry weight (DW)-1 at the beginning of the trial (T0) to 51±15.3 μg mgashfreeDW-1 in ISO, characterised significant growth in the spat, whereas, a reduction of TG (0.3±0.08 μg mgashfreeDW-1 in MONO), mono unsaturated FA-MUFA (from 8.52±1.02 μg mgFAashfreeDW-1 at T0 to 2.81±1.02 μg mgFAashfreeDW-1 in MONO) and polyunsaturated FA-PUFA (from 17.57±2.24 μg mgFAashfreeDW-1 at T0 to 6.19±2.49 μg mgFAashfreeDW-1 in MONO) content characterised poor performing groups. Untargeted lipidomics evidenced how the availability of dietary essential PUFA did not influence only neutral lipids but also the membrane lipids, with changes in lipid molecular species in relation to the essential PUFA provided via the diet. Such changes have the potential to affect spat production cycle and their ability to respond to the surrounding environment. This study evidenced the advantages of coupling different lipid analysis techniques, as each technique disclosed relevant information on nutritional requirements of M. edulis juveniles, expanding the existing knowledge on the physiology of this important species.
贻贝（Mytilus edulis L. 1758）是沿海生态系统和农村及沿海地区经济的重要组成部分。了解其关键生命阶段的生理过程，无论是在食品生产系统内还是在野生种群管理方面都很重要。脂质是双壳类动物生长的关键分子，但它们的多样性和作用尚未得到充分描述。在这项研究中，传统的脂质分析技术，如脂肪酸（FA）和脂质类分析，与非靶向脂质组学相结合，以阐明投喂不同饲料的新沉降幼贝的脂质代谢。所评估的饲料包括单菌株处理（Cylindrotheca fusiformis CCAP 1017/2 -CYL、Isochrysis galbana CCAP 927/1- ISO、Monodopsis subterranean CCAP 848/1 -MONO、Nannochloropsis oceanica CCAP 849/10- NANNO）和一种商业藻类糊（SP）。幼贝的生长受到饲料的影响，根据其功效，排序如下：ISO>NANNO/CYL>SP>MONO。较高的三酰基甘油（TG）含量，从试验开始时的 4.23±0.82μg mgashfree 干重（DW）-1 到 ISO 中的 51±15.3μg mgashfreeDW-1，显著促进了幼贝的生长，而 TG 的减少（MONO 中 0.3±0.08μg mgashfreeDW-1）、单不饱和脂肪酸-MUFA（从 T0 时的 8.52±1.02μg mgFAashfreeDW-1 到 MONO 中的 2.81±1.02μg mgFAashfreeDW-1）和多不饱和脂肪酸-PUFA（从 T0 时的 17.57±2.24μg mgFAashfreeDW-1 到 MONO 中的 6.19±2.49μg mgFAashfreeDW-1）含量表明表现不佳的群体。非靶向脂质组学表明，膳食必需多不饱和脂肪酸的可利用性不仅影响中性脂质，而且还影响膜脂质，与通过饮食提供的必需多不饱和脂肪酸有关的脂质分子种类发生变化。这种变化有可能影响幼贝的生产周期及其对周围环境的反应能力。本研究证明了结合不同脂质分析技术的优势，因为每种技术都提供了有关贻贝幼体营养需求的相关信息，扩展了对这种重要物种生理学的现有知识。
