Amai Sahana, Yuki Kisara, Gowda Siddabasave Gowda B, Gowda Divyavani, Hui Shu-Ping
Graduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-0809, Japan.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
Foods. 2025 Jun 26;14(13):2268. doi: 10.3390/foods14132268.
Sea urchins () are marine echinoderms commonly consumed as seafood in East Asia. To date, various metabolic components of sea urchins have been analyzed, and their health benefits for humans have also been attracting attention. Lipids are the major biomolecules present in sea urchins. However, the comprehensive lipid profiling of sea urchins is limited. In this study, we aimed to perform the comprehensive lipid profiling of six types of sea urchins using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The application of untargeted lipidomics led to the identification of 281 lipid molecular species in six varieties of fresh sea urchin gonads. Each lipid metabolite was identified based on its retention time and MS/MS fragmentation pattern. The results of the analysis showed the highest abundance of lipid percentage in Kitamurasakiuni (14.3%), followed by Hokuyobafununi (12.4%). In all the analyzed sea urchins, glycerolipids such as triacylglycerols were found to be the most abundant lipid components. Multivariate analysis revealed that Murasakiuni showed a different lipid profile from the other types. Interestingly, the polyunsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid ratios and health-related nutritional indices factors were found to be higher in Hokuyobafununi compared to other varieties. The ω-3 fatty acids, such as docosapentaenoic acid (FA 22:6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (FA 20:5), were also abundant in Hokuyobafununi. Lipids such as ether and N-acyl-type lysophosphatidylethanolamines were detected for the first time in sea urchins. This study highlights the nutritional significance of sea urchins and their potential use in the development of functional foods.
海胆是一种海洋棘皮动物，在东亚地区常被作为海鲜食用。迄今为止，人们已经分析了海胆的各种代谢成分，其对人类健康的益处也备受关注。脂质是海胆中存在的主要生物分子。然而，对海胆脂质的全面分析仍然有限。在本研究中，我们旨在使用液相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（LC/MS）对六种海胆进行脂质全面分析。非靶向脂质组学的应用使得在六种新鲜海胆性腺中鉴定出了281种脂质分子种类。每种脂质代谢物都是根据其保留时间和MS/MS碎片模式进行鉴定的。分析结果显示，北村紫海胆的脂质百分比含量最高（14.3%），其次是北海紫海胆（12.4%）。在所有分析的海胆中，甘油三酯等甘油脂质被发现是最丰富的脂质成分。多变量分析表明，紫海胆的脂质谱与其他种类不同。有趣的是，北海紫海胆的多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比例以及与健康相关的营养指数因子比其他品种更高。二十二碳五烯酸（FA 22:6）和二十碳五烯酸（FA 20:5）等ω-3脂肪酸在北海紫海胆中也很丰富。醚类和N-酰基型溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺等脂质首次在海胆中被检测到。本研究突出了海胆的营养意义及其在功能性食品开发中的潜在用途。
