Vitali Francesca, Kariuki Edward K, Mijele Domnic, Kaitho Titus, Faustini Massimo, Preziosi Richard, Gakuya Francis, Ravasio Giuliano
Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Services, Kenya Wildlife Service, P.O. Box 40241-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Feb 18;10(2):322. doi: 10.3390/ani10020322.
Etorphine-azaperone immobilisation was evaluated for translocation of Masai giraffes. Nine giraffes were darted with 0.012 ± 0.001 mg/kg etorphine and 0.07 ± 0.01 mg/kg azaperone. Once ataxic, giraffes were roped for recumbency and restrained manually. Naltrexone (3 mg/mg etorphine) was immediately given intravenously to reverse etorphine-related side effects. Protocol evaluation included physiological monitoring, blood-gas analyses, anaesthetic times, and quality scores (1 = excellent, 4 = poor). Sedation onset and recumbency were achieved in 2.6 ± 0.8 and 5.6 ± 1.4 min. Cardio-respiratory function (HR = 70 ± 16, RR = 32 ± 8, MAP = 132 ± 16) and temperature (37.8 ± 0.5) were stable. Arterial gas analysis showed hypoxaemia in some individuals (PaO = 67 ± 8 mmHg) and metabolic acidosis (pH = 7.23 ± 0.05, PaCO = 34 ± 4 mmHg, HCO = 12.9 ± 1.2 mmol/l). Minor startle response occurred, while higher induction-induced excitement correlated to longer inductions, worse restraint, and decreased HCO. After 19 ± 3.5 min of restraint, giraffes were allowed to stand and were loaded onto a chariot. Immobilisations were good and scored 2 (1-3). Inductions and recoveries were smooth and scored 1 (1-2). Translocations were uneventful and no complications occurred in 14-days boma follow-up.
对用于马赛长颈鹿转移的埃托啡 - 阿扎哌隆固定法进行了评估。给9只长颈鹿注射了0.012±0.001毫克/千克的埃托啡和0.07±0.01毫克/千克的阿扎哌隆。长颈鹿一旦出现共济失调，就用绳索使其侧卧并进行人工约束。立即静脉注射纳曲酮（每毫克埃托啡用3毫克纳曲酮）以逆转与埃托啡相关的副作用。方案评估包括生理监测、血气分析、麻醉时间和质量评分（1 = 优秀，4 = 差）。镇静起效时间和侧卧时间分别为2.6±0.8分钟和5.6±1.4分钟。心肺功能（心率 = 70±16，呼吸频率 = 32±8，平均动脉压 = 132±16）和体温（37.8±0.5）稳定。动脉血气分析显示部分个体存在低氧血症（动脉血氧分压 = 67±8毫米汞柱）和代谢性酸中毒（pH = 7.23±0.05，动脉血二氧化碳分压 = 34±4毫米汞柱，碳酸氢根 = 12.9±1.2毫摩尔/升）。出现了轻微的惊吓反应，而诱导引起的兴奋程度较高与诱导时间较长、约束效果较差以及碳酸氢根降低有关。约束19±3.5分钟后，让长颈鹿站立并装载到运输车上。固定效果良好，评分为2分（1 - 3分）。诱导和恢复过程顺利，评分为1分（1 - 2分）。转移过程顺利，在14天的圈舍随访中未出现并发症。
