Hauf Juliane E K, Nieding Gerhild, Seger Benedikt T
Department of Psychology (Developmental Psychology), University of Würzburg, Röntgenring 10, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.
Cogn Process. 2020 May;21(2):197-208. doi: 10.1007/s10339-020-00959-7. Epub 2020 Feb 21.
Based on an embodied account of language comprehension, this study investigated the dynamic characteristics of children and adults' perceptual simulations during sentence comprehension, using a novel paradigm to assess the perceptual simulation of objects moving up and down a vertical axis. The participants comprised adults (N = 40) and 6-, 8-, and 10-year-old children (N = 116). After listening in experimental trials to sentences implying that objects moved upward or downward, the participants were shown pictures and had to decide as quickly as possible whether the objects depicted had been mentioned in the sentences. The target pictures moved either up or down and then stopped in the middle of the screen. All age groups' reaction times were found to be shorter when the objects moved in the directions that the sentences implied. Age exerted no developmental effect on reaction times. The findings suggest that dynamic perceptual simulations are fundamental to language comprehension in text recipients aged 6 and older.
基于语言理解的具身认知观点，本研究使用一种新颖的范式来评估物体在垂直轴上上下移动的知觉模拟，从而探究儿童和成人在句子理解过程中知觉模拟的动态特征。参与者包括成年人（N = 40）以及6岁、8岁和10岁的儿童（N = 116）。在实验试次中，参与者听了暗示物体向上或向下移动的句子后，会看到图片，并必须尽快判断图片中描绘的物体是否在句子中被提及。目标图片要么向上移动，要么向下移动，然后停在屏幕中间。结果发现，当物体按照句子所暗示的方向移动时，所有年龄组的反应时间都更短。年龄对反应时间没有发展性影响。研究结果表明，动态知觉模拟对于6岁及以上文本接受者的语言理解至关重要。
