In Vitro Assay of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and Lupin (Lupinus spp.) Extracts on Human Platelet Aggregation.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death throughout the world. A major risk factor for CVD is platelet aggregation. Various plant extracts exhibit anti-aggregatory action in vitro. The dietary intake of traditional plant crops such as quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and lupin (Lupinus spp., Fabaceae family), highly recognized for their high nutritional value, is increasing worldwide. The aim of the study was to assay possible antiplatelet effects of quinoa and lupin bean extracts in vitro. The proximate chemical composition of quinoa grains and the three most widely known lupin cultivars: blue (L. angustifolius), yellow (L. luteus or mutabilis) and white (L. albus) grown in Chile were analyzed. The anti-aggregation activity of the ethanol extracts of the crops was assayed using flow cytometry in ADP-stimulated human platelets, and their inhibition of the maximal platelet aggregation was measured. All the lupin extracts exhibited a significant anti-aggregatory effect (p < 0.0001), while quinoa extracts did not exert this effect compared to control platelets. In conclusion, lupin beans extracts exhibited an anti-aggregatory effect on activated human platelets.