2012-2015 年间塞尔维亚收获的玉米中的霉菌毒素。第 2 部分：未受监管的霉菌毒素和其他真菌代谢物。
Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Serbia in the period 2012-2015. Part 2: Non-regulated mycotoxins and other fungal metabolites.
机构信息
Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
出版信息
Food Chem. 2020 Jul 1;317:126409. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126409. Epub 2020 Feb 19.
The main objective of this study was to screen, for the first time, the natural occurrence of non-regulated fungal metabolites in 204 maize samples harvested in Serbia in maize growing seasons with extreme drought (2012), extreme precipitation and flood (2014) and moderate drought conditions (2013 and 2015). In total, 109 non-regulated fungal metabolites were detected in examined samples, whereby each sample was contaminated between 13 and 55 non-regulated fungal metabolites. Moniliformin and beauvericin occurred in all samples collected from each year. In samples from year 2012, oxaline, questiomycin A, cyclo (l-Pro-l-Val), cyclo (l-Pro-l-Tyr), bikaverin, kojic acid and 3-nitropropionic acid were the most predominant (98.0-100%). All samples from 2014 were contaminated with 7-hydroxypestalotin, 15-hydroxyculmorin, culmorin, butenolid and aurofusarin. Bikaverin and oxaline were quantified in 100% samples from 2013 and 2015, while 3-nitropropionic acid additionally occurred in 100% samples from 2015.
本研究的主要目的是首次筛选 204 份塞尔维亚玉米样本中天然存在的未经法规管制的真菌代谢物，这些玉米样本分别于极端干旱（2012 年）、极端降水和洪灾（2014 年）以及中度干旱条件（2013 年和 2015 年）下收获。在检查的样本中总共检测到 109 种未经法规管制的真菌代谢物，每个样本受到 13 至 55 种未经法规管制的真菌代谢物的污染。在每年采集的所有样本中都发现了展青霉素和伏马菌素。在 2012 年的样本中，最主要的代谢物是噁啉、求斯霉素 A、环（l-Pro-l-Val）、环（l-Pro-l-Tyr）、比克替林、曲酸和 3-硝基丙酸（98.0-100%）。2014 年的所有样本都受到 7-羟基佩司他汀、15-羟基环木菠萝醇、环木菠萝醇、丁烯内脂和金耳菌素的污染。2013 年和 2015 年的所有样本都定量了比克替林和噁啉，而 2015 年的所有样本还额外出现了 3-硝基丙酸。
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