Gelatti Fabrizia, Viganò Caterina, Borsani Serena, Conistabile Ludwig, Bonetti Loris
Altern Ther Health Med. 2020 May;26(3):10-15.
Before surgery, people can become concerned about risks that may arise, experiencing fear and stress. It is possible to implement nonpharmacological interventions to reduce fear and preoperative stress using expressive arts, including music therapy.
The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of live harp music and compare it with that of recorded harp music in reducing preoperative stress and fear and changes in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR).
The study was a pilot study, with a quasi-experimental design.
The study took place in a surgery unit's clinic, held weekly, in a teaching hospital in Milan, Italy.
Participants were 46 people undergoing day surgery, divided into 2 groups: 24 in the intervention group and 22 in the control group. No one dropped out of the study.
The intervention group listened to live harp music and the control group listened to recorded harp music, immediately before a surgical intervention. The research team had defined a musical protocol based on the theoretical principles of harp therapy.
Before and after the musical intervention, the research team investigated each patient's level of fear and stress, using the same self-evaluation questionnaire (HR) and blood pressure (BP).
Of the 46 participants, 46% were male, and 54% were female. Fear values were reduced significantly and in equal measure in the intervention (P = .001) and control (P = .0001) groups. The live harp music was more effective in reducing HR (P = .001) and diastolic BP (P = .007), than was recorded harp music, with P = .151 and P = .164, respectively. Based on the results, the research team determined that a randomized controlled trial (RCT) would require 90 patients for both the intervention and control groups.
Harp therapy brought benefits by significantly reducing fear and stress and HR and BP. It would be useful to perform a multicenter RCT to confirm these results.
手术前，人们可能会担心可能出现的风险，从而感到恐惧和压力。可以通过包括音乐疗法在内的表达性艺术实施非药物干预措施，以减轻恐惧和术前压力。
本研究的目的是评估现场竖琴音乐在减轻术前压力和恐惧以及血压（BP）和心率（HR）变化方面的效果，并将其与录制的竖琴音乐进行比较。
该研究是一项试点研究，采用准实验设计。
该研究在意大利米兰一家教学医院的外科门诊进行，每周举行一次。
参与者为46名接受日间手术的患者，分为2组：干预组24人，对照组22人。无人退出研究。
干预组在手术干预前立即聆听现场竖琴音乐，对照组聆听录制的竖琴音乐。研究团队根据竖琴疗法的理论原则制定了音乐方案。
在音乐干预前后，研究团队使用相同的自我评估问卷调查每位患者的恐惧和压力水平、心率（HR）和血压（BP）。
46名参与者中，46%为男性，54%为女性。干预组（P = .001）和对照组（P = .0001）的恐惧值均显著降低且降低程度相同。现场竖琴音乐在降低心率（P = .001）和舒张压（P = .007）方面比录制的竖琴音乐更有效，录制的竖琴音乐降低心率和舒张压的P值分别为.151和.164。根据结果，研究团队确定一项随机对照试验（RCT）干预组和对照组各需要90名患者。
竖琴疗法通过显著减轻恐惧、压力、心率和血压带来了益处。进行多中心随机对照试验以证实这些结果将是有益的。
