Geppert Mark, Schwarz Alexandra, Stangassinger Lea Maria, Wenger Susanna, Wienerroither Lisa Maria, Ess Stefanie, Duschl Albert, Himly Martin
Department of Biosciences and Allergy Cancer Bio Nano Research Centre, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2020 May 18;33(5):1215-1225. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00428. Epub 2020 Mar 5.
The number of consumer products containing nanoparticles (NPs) experienced a rapid increase during the past decades. However, most studies of nanosafety have been conducted using only pure NPs produced in the laboratory, while the interactions with other ingredients in consumer products have rarely been considered so far. In the present study, we investigated such interactions-with a special focus on modern lifestyle products (MLPs) used by adolescents. An extensive survey was undertaken at different high schools all over Austria to identify MLPs that either contain NPs or that could come easily in contact with NPs from other consumer products (such as TiO from sunscreens). Based on the results from a survey among secondary schools students, we focused on ingredients from Henna tattoos (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone, HNQ, and -phenylenediamine, PPD), fragrances (butylphenyl methylpropional, known as Lilial), cosmetics and skin-care products (four different parabens). As a cellular model, we decided to use neonatal normal human dermal fibroblasts (nNHDF), since skin contact is the main route of exposure for these compounds. TiO NPs interacted with these compounds as evidenced by alterations in their hydrodynamic diameter observed by nanoparticle tracking analysis. Combinations of TiO NPs with the different MLP components did not show altered cytotoxicity profiles compared to MLP components without TiO NPs. Nevertheless, altered cellular glutathione contents were detected after incubation of the cells with Lilial. This effect was independent of the presence of TiO NPs. Testing mixtures of NPs with other compounds from consumer products is an important approach to achieve a more reliable safety assessment.
在过去几十年中，含有纳米颗粒（NPs）的消费品数量迅速增加。然而，大多数纳米安全性研究仅使用实验室生产的纯纳米颗粒进行，而到目前为止，很少考虑其与消费品中其他成分的相互作用。在本研究中，我们调查了此类相互作用——特别关注青少年使用的现代生活方式产品（MLPs）。我们在奥地利各地的不同高中进行了广泛调查，以确定含有纳米颗粒或可能容易与其他消费品中的纳米颗粒接触的现代生活方式产品（例如防晒霜中的二氧化钛）。根据对中学生的调查结果，我们重点关注了指甲花纹身的成分（2-羟基-1,4-萘醌，HNQ，和对苯二胺，PPD）、香料（丁基苯基甲基丙醛，即利来香精）、化妆品和护肤品（四种不同的对羟基苯甲酸酯）。作为细胞模型，我们决定使用新生儿正常人皮肤成纤维细胞（nNHDF），因为皮肤接触是这些化合物的主要暴露途径。纳米颗粒跟踪分析观察到的流体动力学直径变化证明了二氧化钛纳米颗粒与这些化合物发生了相互作用。与不含二氧化钛纳米颗粒的现代生活方式产品成分相比，二氧化钛纳米颗粒与不同现代生活方式产品成分的组合并未显示出细胞毒性特征的改变。然而，在用利来香精孵育细胞后，检测到细胞内谷胱甘肽含量发生了变化。这种效应与二氧化钛纳米颗粒的存在无关。测试纳米颗粒与消费品中其他化合物的混合物是实现更可靠安全评估的重要方法。
