Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin.
International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Paris, France.
Pulm Med. 2020 Jan 30;2020:3767382. doi: 10.1155/2020/3767382. eCollection 2020.
. There is a dearth of information on asthma among bakers in low-income settings. The objectives of this study were to determine (i) the prevalence of asthma symptoms, (ii) factors associated with probable occupational asthma (OA), and (iii) work habits that might lead to a dusty workplace environment, Parakou, Benin. . This was a mixed methods (cross-sectional quantitative and qualitative) study carried out between March and September 2018.
Of 210 employees/apprentices in 26 bakeries, 190 (91.48%) were included in the study: median age was 25.50 (IQR = 22 - 32) years, 157 (82.63%) were aged <40 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 26.14. Of these, 111 (58.42%) worked in a salted bread and 79 (41.58%) in a sweet bread bakery. An asthma history was reported by 3.68%. Symptoms consistent with asthma, work-related asthma, OA, and work-aggravated asthma were found in 13.68%, 12.63%, 10%, and 2.63%, respectively. Asthma confirmation was obtained in 15.79% of bakers with probable OA and in 23.08% of all bakers with suspected asthma. A history of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis was associated with probable OA (aOR = 106; 95%CI = 17.79 - 2093; < 0.001). Of the 24 bakers with probable work-related asthma, 3 (12.50%) were prescribed a short-acting beta2-agonist and 2 (8.33%) an inhaled corticosteroid. No worker had had a systematically planned annual medical visit; some habits at work were identified as leading to flour and dust suspension at the workplace.
Clinical manifestations of OA were common among bakers in Parakou and were associated with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. There is a need to improve technical preventive measures and treatment, as well as to institute systematic medical visits for these workers.
本研究旨在确定（i）哮喘症状的流行程度，（ii）与可能的职业性哮喘（OA）相关的因素，以及（iii）可能导致灰尘弥漫的工作环境的工作习惯。
这是一项混合方法（横断面定量和定性）研究，于 2018 年 3 月至 9 月进行。
在 26 家面包店的 210 名员工/学徒中，有 190 名（91.48%）被纳入研究：中位数年龄为 25.50（IQR=22-32）岁，157 名（82.63%）年龄<40 岁，男女比例为 26.14。其中，111 人（58.42%）在咸面包店工作，79 人（41.58%）在甜面包店工作。报告有哮喘病史的占 3.68%。发现 13.68%、12.63%、10%和 2.63%的人有与哮喘一致的症状、与工作相关的哮喘、OA 和工作加重的哮喘。在有可疑 OA 的面包师中，有 15.79%的人被确诊为 OA，在所有有可疑哮喘的面包师中，有 23.08%的人被确诊为 OA。过敏性鼻结膜炎病史与可能的 OA 相关（aOR=106；95%CI=17.79-2093；<0.001）。在 24 名可能患有与工作相关的哮喘的面包师中，有 3 名（12.50%）被开具了短效β2-激动剂，2 名（8.33%）被开具了吸入皮质类固醇。没有工人进行过有系统计划的年度体检；一些工作习惯被认为会导致工作场所的面粉和灰尘悬浮。
在帕拉库的面包师中，OA 的临床表现很常见，与过敏性鼻结膜炎有关。需要改善技术预防措施和治疗，并为这些工人进行系统的医疗访问。
