Raul F, Gosse F, Doffoel M, Darmenton P, Wessely J Y
Unité de Biologie Cellulaire, INSERM U61, Strasbourg, France.
Gut. 1988 Nov;29(11):1557-63. doi: 10.1136/gut.29.11.1557.
Intestinal morphology and brush border hydrolase activities were determined along the small intestine of young adult (three months, n = 10), mature (12 months, n = 10), and senescent (29 months, n = 15) rats. The intestinal segments of the senescent rats contained higher mucosal mass and protein content (p less than 0.05) compared with the young and mature animals. A significant reduction of villus height and crypt depth (p less than 0.05) was found in the proximal intestine during aging. A 35% increase in villus height (p less than 0.05) without changes in crypt depth, was observed in the distal ileum in senescent rats. The activities of sucrase and isomaltase were significantly increased during aging in the duodenum and jejunum (p less than 0.05). Lactase and aminopeptidase activities which showed only minor changes between young and mature animals were significantly enhanced in senescent animals (p less than 0.05) with aminopeptidase exhibiting a three-fold increase in activity in the proximal ileum. The results when combined with those of previous studies suggest that in the aged animal, the increased level of intestinal hydrolase activities may be the consequence of prolonged cellular maturation along the villi in the proximal intestine, and of adaptation to increased concentrations of intraluminal substrates in the distal intestine.
在年轻成年（三个月，n = 10）、成熟（十二个月，n = 10）和衰老（二十九个月，n = 15）大鼠的小肠中测定肠道形态和刷状缘水解酶活性。与年轻和成熟动物相比，衰老大鼠的肠段黏膜质量和蛋白质含量更高（p < 0.05）。在衰老过程中，近端肠道绒毛高度和隐窝深度显著降低（p < 0.05）。在衰老大鼠的回肠远端，观察到绒毛高度增加35%（p < 0.05），而隐窝深度无变化。在十二指肠和空肠中，蔗糖酶和异麦芽糖酶的活性在衰老过程中显著增加（p < 0.05）。乳糖酶和氨肽酶活性在年轻和成熟动物之间仅显示出微小变化，但在衰老动物中显著增强（p < 0.05），氨肽酶在回肠近端的活性增加了三倍。这些结果与先前研究的结果相结合表明，在老年动物中，肠道水解酶活性水平的增加可能是近端肠道绒毛细胞成熟延长以及远端肠道适应腔内底物浓度增加的结果。
