Wang Aodi, Jin Qijie, Xu Xin, Miao Aijun, White Jason C, Gardea-Torresdey Jorge L, Ji Rong, Zhao Lijuan
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2020 Mar 18;68(11):3382-3389. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06429. Epub 2020 Mar 5.
Certain engineered nanoparticles (NPs) have unique properties that have exhibited significant potential for promoting photosynthesis and enhancing crop productivity. Understanding the fundamental interactions between NPs and plants is crucial for the sustainable development of nanoenabled agriculture. Leaf mesophyll protoplasts, which maintain similar physiological response and cellular activity as intact plants, were selected as a model system to study the impact of NPs on photosynthesis. The mesophyll protoplasts isolated from spinach were cultivated with different NMs (Fe, MnO, SiO, Ag, and MoS) dosing at 50 mg/L for 2 h under illumination. The potential maximum quantum yield and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production of mesophyll protoplasts were significantly increased by MnO and Fe NPs (23% and 43%, respectively), and were decreased by Ag and MoS NPs. The mechanism for the photosynthetic enhancement by MnO and Fe is to increase the photocurrent and electron transfer rate, as revealed by photoelectrochemical measurement. GC-MS based single cell type metabolomics reveal that NPs (Fe and MoS) altered the metabolic profiles of mesophyll cells during 2 h of illumination period. Separately, the effect of NPs exposure on photosynthesis and biomass were also conducted at the whole plant level. A strong correlation was observed with protoplast data; plant biomass was significantly increased by MnO exposure (57%) but was decreased (24%) by treatment of Ag NPs. The use of mesophyll protoplasts can be a fast and reliable tool for screening NPs to enhance photosynthesis for potential nanofertilizer use. Importantly, inclusion of a metabolic analysis can provide mechanistic toxicity data to ensure the development "safer-by-design" nanoenabled platforms.
某些工程纳米颗粒（NPs）具有独特的性质，在促进光合作用和提高作物生产力方面展现出巨大潜力。了解纳米颗粒与植物之间的基本相互作用对于纳米农业的可持续发展至关重要。叶肉原生质体与完整植株具有相似的生理反应和细胞活性，被选作研究纳米颗粒对光合作用影响的模型系统。将从菠菜中分离出的叶肉原生质体与不同的纳米材料（铁、二氧化锰、二氧化硅、银和二硫化钼）在光照下以50 mg/L的剂量培养2小时。二氧化锰和铁纳米颗粒显著提高了叶肉原生质体的潜在最大量子产率和三磷酸腺苷（ATP）产量（分别提高了23%和43%），而银和二硫化钼纳米颗粒则使其降低。光化学测量表明，二氧化锰和铁促进光合作用的机制是增加光电流和电子转移速率。基于气相色谱 - 质谱联用的单细胞类型代谢组学研究表明，纳米颗粒（铁和二硫化钼）在光照2小时期间改变了叶肉细胞的代谢谱。另外，还在整株植物水平上研究了纳米颗粒暴露对光合作用和生物量的影响。观察到与原生质体数据有很强的相关性；二氧化锰处理使植物生物量显著增加（57%），而银纳米颗粒处理则使其降低（24%）。叶肉原生质体的应用可以成为筛选纳米颗粒以增强光合作用用于潜在纳米肥料的快速可靠工具。重要的是，纳入代谢分析可以提供机制毒性数据，以确保开发“设计更安全”的纳米平台。
