Wang Chaoming, Liu Juan, Deng Jianqiang, Wang Jiazhen, Weng Weizhao, Chu Hongxia, Meng Qingguo
School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yuhuangding Hospital of Yantai, Shandong, China.
J Ginseng Res. 2020 Jan;44(1):14-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2019.01.005. Epub 2019 Jan 31.
Ginseng has been used as a popular herbal medicine in East Asia for at least two millennia. However, 20()-ginseng saponins, one class of important rare ginsenosides, are rare in natural products. 20()-ginseng saponins are generally prepared by chemical epimerization and microbial transformation from 20()-isomers. The C20 configuration of 20()-ginseng saponins are usually determined by C NMR and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. 20()-ginseng saponins have antitumor, antioxidative, antifatigue, neuroprotective, and osteoclastogenesis inhibitory effects, among others. Owing to the chemical structure and pharmacological and stereoselective properties, 20()-ginseng saponins have attracted a great deal of attention in recent years. In this study, the discovery, identification, chemical epimerization, microbial transformation, pharmacological activities, and metabolism of 20()-ginseng saponins are summarized.
人参在东亚作为一种广受欢迎的草药已使用了至少两千年。然而，20()-人参皂苷是一类重要的稀有皂苷，在天然产物中很罕见。20()-人参皂苷通常通过化学差向异构化和微生物转化由20()-异构体制备。20()-人参皂苷的C20构型通常通过碳核磁共振和X射线单晶衍射来确定。20()-人参皂苷具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗疲劳、神经保护和抑制破骨细胞生成等作用。由于其化学结构以及药理和立体选择性特性，20()-人参皂苷近年来备受关注。本研究综述了20()-人参皂苷的发现、鉴定、化学差向异构化、微生物转化、药理活性和代谢情况。
