Translational Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI), IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy.
Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) IRCCS, Italy.
J Infect. 2020 May;80(5):536-546. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.009. Epub 2020 Feb 22.
HIV-infection increases the risk to progress to active-tuberculosis (TB). Detection of latent TB infection (LTBI) is needed to eventually propose preventive-therapy and reduce TB reservoir. QuantiFERON-TB Plus (QFT-Plus)-test identifies LTBI. Currently, only two studies on QFT-Plus accuracy in HIV-infected-population are available in high TB-endemic-countries. Therefore we aimed to evaluate the effect of HIV-infection on QFT-Plus accuracy to detect LTBI in a low TB-endemic-country.
We enrolled 465 participants, among the 167 HIV-infected-persons: 32 with active-TB (HIV-TB), 45 remote-LTBI (HIV-LTBI) and 90 at low M. tuberculosis (Mtb)-infection risk. Among the 298 HIV-uninfected-persons: 170 with active-TB, 76 recent-LTBI, 34 remote-LTBI and 18 with low Mtb-infection risk.
QFT-Plus sensitivity was similar in TB regardless of HIV-status. CD4-count did not influence the distribution of IFN-γ values in HIV-TB and HIV-LTBI. Moreover HIV-LTBI and HIV-uninfected remote LTBI had a similar proportion of results in the uncertain range (IFNγ ≥0.2 ≤ 0.7 IU/ml) differently from those LTBI-persons reporting recent-exposure (p = 0.016). Cytometry results demonstrated that CD8-response was similar in HIV-infected- and -uninfected-persons whereas CD4-response was impaired in HIV-infected-persons (p = 0.011).
HIV-infection does not affect QFT-Plus response in active-TB, whereas the time of exposure influences the proportion of uncertain-results in LTBI.
HIV 感染会增加发展为活动性结核病(TB)的风险。需要检测潜伏性结核感染(LTBI),以最终提出预防性治疗方案并减少 TB 储存库。QuantiFERON-TB Plus(QFT-Plus)检测可识别 LTBI。目前,仅在高结核病流行国家有两项关于 HIV 感染人群中 QFT-Plus 准确性的研究。因此,我们旨在评估 HIV 感染对 QFT-Plus 检测 LTBI 准确性的影响,该研究在低结核病流行国家进行。
我们招募了 465 名参与者,其中 167 名 HIV 感染者:32 名活动性 TB(HIV-TB),45 名远程 LTBI(HIV-LTBI)和 90 名 MTB 感染风险低的患者。298 名 HIV 未感染者:170 名活动性 TB,76 名近期 LTBI,34 名远程 LTBI 和 18 名 MTB 感染风险低的患者。
无论 HIV 状态如何,QFT-Plus 的敏感性在结核病中均相似。CD4 计数并未影响 HIV-TB 和 HIV-LTBI 中 IFN-γ 值的分布。此外,HIV-LTBI 和 HIV 未感染的远程 LTBI 与报告近期接触史的 LTBI 患者(p=0.016)相比,结果处于不确定范围(IFNγ≥0.2≤0.7 IU/ml)的比例相似。细胞仪结果表明,HIV 感染和未感染患者的 CD8 反应相似,而 HIV 感染患者的 CD4 反应受损(p=0.011)。
HIV 感染不会影响活动性 TB 中的 QFT-Plus 反应,而暴露时间会影响 LTBI 中不确定结果的比例。