Departamento de Actividad Física y Deporte, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Region of Murcia, Spain.
Polo de Desarrollo Universitario EFISAL, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República, 40000 Rivera, Uruguay.
Nutrients. 2020 Feb 22;12(2):567. doi: 10.3390/nu12020567.
The relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) and both physical fitness (PF) and physical activity (PA) level has been analysed in several studies. The aim of this research was to describe, compare and analyse the level of PF and PA in schoolchildren aged 6-13 in the Region of Murcia, according to adherence to the MD. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 370 schoolchildren (44.9% girls) aged 6-13 (8.7 ± 1.8) from six primary schools in the Region of Murcia (Spain). Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and teenagers (KIDMED) was used to determinate the adherence to the MD. The ALPHA-FIT Test Battery was applied for assess body composition and PF. PA level was determined using Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C). Only 25.9% of the schoolchildren had optimal adherence to the MD. Regarding the scores of the different PF tests in MD groups, only statistically significant differences were found for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) ( = 0.048) in boys. PA level showed statistically significant differences in both boys ( = 0.040) and girls ( = 0.016). A positive relationship was found between the KIDMED and PA level ( = 0.235). A higher probability of having a greater CRF (OR = 1.17; CI = 1.02-1.34) and PA level (OR = 7.84; CI = 2.84-21.60) was found in high MD group. These results suggest that an optimal adherence to the MD is associated with higher CRF and PA level in the selected schoolchildren.
已有多项研究分析了坚持地中海饮食（Mediterranean Diet，MD）与身体健康（physical fitness，PF）和身体活动（physical activity，PA）水平之间的关系。本研究旨在根据对 MD 的依从程度，描述、比较和分析 6-13 岁的穆尔西亚地区学童的 PF 和 PA 水平。这是一项描述性和横断面研究。共有 370 名 6-13 岁（女孩占 44.9%）的儿童（8.7±1.8 岁）来自西班牙穆尔西亚地区的六所小学。采用儿童青少年地中海饮食质量指数（KIDMED）评估 MD 的依从性。使用 ALPHA-FIT 测试电池评估身体成分和 PF。PA 水平通过《青少年体力活动问卷》（PAQ-C）确定。只有 25.9%的儿童对 MD 的依从性最佳。在 MD 组的不同 PF 测试得分方面，仅在男孩的心肺适能（cardiorespiratory fitness，CRF）（ = 0.048）方面发现了统计学上的显著差异。在男孩（ = 0.040）和女孩（ = 0.016）中，PA 水平均显示出统计学上的显著差异。在 KIDMED 和 PA 水平之间发现了正相关（ = 0.235）。高 MD 组中，CRF（OR = 1.17；CI = 1.02-1.34）和 PA 水平（OR = 7.84；CI = 2.84-21.60）更高的可能性更大。这些结果表明，在选定的学童中，最佳的 MD 依从性与更高的 CRF 和 PA 水平相关。
