Fukuda R, Okinaga S, Akagi S, Hidaka M, Ono N, Fukumoto S, Shimada Y
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Shimane Medical University, Japan.
J Med Virol. 1988 Dec;26(4):387-96. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890260406.
The relationship between host immune state and hepatic inflammation and infection pattern of the Duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) was investigated by experimental transmission of DHBV into 98 Japanese 7-day-old ducklings that had been pretreated with immunoregulatory drugs including cyclophosphamide, OK 432, and a steroid hormone. Immunosuppressive treatment with cyclophosphamide revealed an extension of the viremic period associated with an absence of inflammatory changes in the liver. Although immunostimulating treatment with OK 432 showed a remarkable accumulation of inflammatory cells in the liver, the viremic period was not shortened. Treatment with a steroid used as a immunosuppressant did not suppress the hepatitis; moreover, it increased viral DNA replication and extended the viremic period. This phenomenon of viral replication seemed to be caused by the direct effects of the steroid. Alteration of DHBV infection by modifying the host immune state is quite similar to that of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in humans. In DHBV infection, the host immune state seemed to have a considerable role in determining the infection pattern and degree of hepatitis activity. DHBV may be a helpful model of HBV for studying host-viral interaction and the immunological mechanism of viral hepatitis.
通过将鸭乙型肝炎病毒（DHBV）实验性传播给98只7日龄经免疫调节药物（包括环磷酰胺、沙培林OK432和一种类固醇激素）预处理的日本雏鸭，研究了宿主免疫状态与DHBV肝脏炎症及感染模式之间的关系。环磷酰胺免疫抑制治疗显示病毒血症期延长，且肝脏无炎症变化。虽然沙培林OK432免疫刺激治疗显示肝脏中有大量炎症细胞积聚，但病毒血症期并未缩短。用作免疫抑制剂的类固醇治疗并未抑制肝炎；此外，它还增加了病毒DNA复制并延长了病毒血症期。这种病毒复制现象似乎是由类固醇的直接作用引起的。通过改变宿主免疫状态来改变DHBV感染与人类乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的情况非常相似。在DHBV感染中，宿主免疫状态似乎在决定感染模式和肝炎活动程度方面起着相当重要的作用。DHBV可能是研究宿主-病毒相互作用和病毒性肝炎免疫机制的有用的HBV模型。
