Omata M, Yokosuka O, Imazeki F, Matsuyama Y, Uchiumi K, Ito Y, Mori J, Okuda K
Hepatology. 1984 Jul-Aug;4(4):603-7. doi: 10.1002/hep.1840040404.
Human hepatitis B-like viruses have been found in several animal species, including Chinese ducks. Sera from Chinese carrier ducks which were positive for duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) were inoculated in 33 Japanese one-day-old ducklings. The same sera were inoculated in four 3-week-old ducklings, and three 3-month-old ducks. Ten uninoculated ducklings served as controls. Hepatitis B e-antigen positive human sera and DNA polymerase-positive woodchuck sera were also inoculated into ducklings. DHBV was demonstrated in serum of all ducklings inoculated at one day of age and persisted for more than 6 months in 17 of 20 ducks. In the three ducks in which viremia disappeared, viral DNA was found in liver tissue. Southern hybridization revealed only free viral DNA in infected ducks. Only 1 of 7 ducklings inoculated at 3 weeks or later developed persistent infection. No cross-infectivity by hepatitis B virus or by woodchuck hepatitis virus was demonstrated. By inoculating DHBV-positive sera into 1-day-old ducklings of a virus-free Japanese flock, we were able to transmit DHBV in all of them and established a chronic carrier state in all ducks which were inoculated at 1 day of age.
在包括中国鸭在内的几种动物中发现了人类乙型肝炎样病毒。将鸭乙型肝炎病毒（DHBV）呈阳性的中国携带鸭的血清接种到33只1日龄日本雏鸭中。同样的血清接种到4只3周龄雏鸭和3只3月龄鸭中。10只未接种的雏鸭作为对照。乙型肝炎e抗原阳性的人血清和DNA聚合酶阳性的土拨鼠血清也接种到雏鸭中。在所有1日龄接种的雏鸭血清中都检测到了DHBV，并且在20只鸭中的17只中持续存在超过6个月。在病毒血症消失的3只鸭中，在肝脏组织中发现了病毒DNA。Southern杂交显示感染鸭中仅存在游离病毒DNA。在3周龄或更大龄接种的7只雏鸭中只有1只发生了持续感染。未证明乙型肝炎病毒或土拨鼠肝炎病毒有交叉感染性。通过将DHBV阳性血清接种到无病毒的日本鸭群的1日龄雏鸭中，我们能够在所有雏鸭中传播DHBV，并在所有1日龄接种的鸭中建立了慢性携带状态。
