Boynton Marcella H, Gilbert Jeffrey, Shook-Sa Bonnie E, Lee Joseph G L
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
East Carolina University, Greenville, NC USA.
Health Promot Pract. 2020 Sep;21(5):764-768. doi: 10.1177/1524839920908226. Epub 2020 Feb 26.
Perceptions of the importance of health problems can drive advocacy, policy change, resource distribution, and individual behaviors. However, little is known about how lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT), that is, sexual and gender minority (SGM) adults view the health problems facing SGM populations. In a 2017 national, probability-based survey of U.S. SGM adults ( = 453), we asked respondents to identify the most serious health problem facing SGM people today. Participants also rated the seriousness of five specific health problems (HIV/AIDS, suicide, hate crimes, harmful alcohol use, tobacco use). Analyses accounted for the complex sampling design and were stratified by gender identity. One quarter of U.S. SGM adults identified the most serious health problem facing SGM people to be HIV/AIDS (95% confidence interval [20.3, 31.2]). More respondents stated there were no serious LGBT health differences compared with straight/cisgender adults (4.2%, confidence interval [2.6, 5.9]) than identified tobacco use, hate crimes, chronic diseases, cancer, or suicide as the most serious. Importance ratings differed by gender and tobacco/alcohol use were perceived as less serious compared with HIV/AIDS, suicide, and hate crimes. Attention paid to HIV/AIDS by the SGM public, while important, may hinder efforts to address chronic diseases and other health issues affecting SGM people.
对健康问题重要性的认知能够推动宣传倡导、政策变革、资源分配以及个人行为。然而，对于女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别者（LGBT），即性取向和性别少数群体（SGM）成年人如何看待SGM群体所面临的健康问题，我们却知之甚少。在2017年一项基于概率的全美SGM成年人调查（n = 453）中，我们询问受访者当今SGM群体面临的最严重健康问题是什么。参与者还对五个特定健康问题（艾滋病毒/艾滋病、自杀、仇恨犯罪、有害饮酒、吸烟）的严重程度进行了评分。分析考虑了复杂的抽样设计，并按性别认同进行了分层。四分之一的美国SGM成年人认为SGM群体面临的最严重健康问题是艾滋病毒/艾滋病（95%置信区间[20.3, 31.2]）。与认为吸烟、仇恨犯罪、慢性病、癌症或自杀是最严重问题的受访者相比，更多受访者表示与异性恋/顺性别成年人相比，LGBT群体不存在严重的健康差异（4.2%，置信区间[2.6, 5.9]）。重要性评分因性别而异，与艾滋病毒/艾滋病、自杀和仇恨犯罪相比，吸烟/饮酒被认为不那么严重。SGM公众对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的关注虽然重要，但可能会阻碍解决影响SGM群体的慢性病和其他健康问题的努力。
