GSK, 23 Rochester Park, Singapore 139234, Singapore.
GSK, Büyükdere Caddesi No:173, 1, Levent Plaza B Blok, 34394 Istanbul, Turkey.
Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Apr;93:375-387. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.040. Epub 2020 Feb 25.
Known since Hippocrates and of continuing public health importance, influenza remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and large segments of the human population are affected every year. Vaccination is the most effective means of preventing influenza infection. Today, many countries have implemented annual influenza vaccination programs, and there is increasing awareness of the potential societal and health benefits of vaccinating pregnant women, children aged 6 months to 5 years, older adults, and persons with underlying medical conditions that make them vulnerable to serious complications of influenza. In this non-systematic review, we summarize data on influenza epidemiology and influenza vaccine immunogenicity, efficacy/effectiveness, and safety in the main high-risk groups. We also discuss the optimal time to vaccinate and the effect of pre-existing immunity on vaccine response.
自希波克拉底时代以来，流感一直是公众健康的重要问题，它仍然是全球范围内发病率和死亡率的主要原因，每年都有很大一部分人口受到影响。疫苗接种是预防流感感染的最有效手段。如今，许多国家都实施了年度流感疫苗接种计划，并且越来越意识到为孕妇、6 个月至 5 岁的儿童、老年人以及患有使他们易患流感严重并发症的基础疾病的人接种疫苗的潜在社会效益和健康效益。在本次非系统性综述中，我们总结了主要高风险人群中流感流行病学以及流感疫苗免疫原性、效力/效果和安全性的数据。我们还讨论了最佳接种时间以及预先存在的免疫对疫苗反应的影响。
