Public-Private or Master-Servant? Examining the Implementation of the Serious Disease Insurance Scheme in China.

China's Serious Disease Insurance Scheme (SDIS) was set up to relieve the financial burdens on serious disease patients. It is a crucial part of the national basic medical insurance scheme, which is regarded as one of the largest government-funded social security programs in the world. The most significant institutional innovation of the SDIS is that the approach of a public-private partnership (PPP) is applied in an attempt to facilitate the efficiency of its implementation. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the implementation of the SDIS in China through PPPs, and to identify the problems to be tackled if the Chinese government intends to make such a plan work better for the majority of urban and rural residents. With the effective support from local officials and practitioners, the authors of this paper collected copies of SDIS contracts of multiple cities in Guangdong, one of the most developed provinces of China. Guided by a research framework drawn from the PPP literature, details of contract enforcement were also examined. The authors discovered that the role of local states is rather dominant; they have manipulated contract drafting and implementation. Additionally, current mechanisms for profit sharing, risk sharing, and information exchange have placed insurance companies in a rather disadvantageous situation. To achieve the sustainable development of the SDIS, the authors suggest that a further reform on implementation of a PPP must be pushed forward.