University of Wollongong, Australia.
University of Wollongong, Australia.
Body Image. 2020 Jun;33:77-89. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.02.001. Epub 2020 Feb 26.
This research synthesis explored whether major personality dimensions relate to body dissatisfaction. A comprehensive literature search identified 26 studies (37 independent samples) that met inclusion criteria (364 effect sizes; n = 39,109). Data were analyzed using inverse-variance weighted random effects meta-analysis. Mean effect sizes from 30 individual meta-analyses provided evidence that neuroticism (r = .30), extraversion (r = -.17) and conscientiousness (r = -.16), and to a lesser extent openness (r = -.10) and agreeableness (r = -.08), relate to body dissatisfaction. Effect sizes were smaller in models that controlled for body mass index, with non-significant effects for openness and agreeableness. There was some evidence of publication bias and substantial heterogeneity in computed averages. Random effects meta-regression showed that the association between neuroticism and body dissatisfaction decreased as the sample age increased. Measurement was the most important moderator across personality dimensions, with measures of appearance evaluation and body appreciation often showing smaller associations than other measures of body dissatisfaction. Effect sizes were not moderated by sample sex or world-region. Overall, findings show that higher levels of neuroticism, and lower levels of extraversion and conscientiousness, are associated with a greater risk of body dissatisfaction in men and women irrespective of actual body weight.
本研究综合探讨了主要人格维度与身体不满之间的关系。通过全面的文献检索，确定了符合纳入标准的 26 项研究（37 个独立样本）（364 个效应量；n=39109）。使用逆方差加权随机效应荟萃分析对数据进行了分析。30 项个体荟萃分析的平均效应量表明，神经质（r=.30）、外向性（r=-.17）和尽责性（r=-.16），以及在较小程度上的开放性（r=-.10）和宜人性（r=-.08）与身体不满有关。在控制体重指数的模型中，效应量较小，开放性和宜人性没有显著影响。存在出版偏倚和计算平均值的大量异质性的一些证据。随机效应荟萃回归显示，神经质与身体不满之间的关联随着样本年龄的增加而降低。在人格维度方面，测量是最重要的调节因素，外貌评价和身体欣赏的测量通常与其他身体不满的测量相比，关联较小。样本性别或世界区域对效应量没有调节作用。总的来说，研究结果表明，无论实际体重如何，神经质水平较高，外向性和尽责性水平较低，与男性和女性身体不满的风险增加有关。
