Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic Development Laboratory (LADEG), Department of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-599, Brazil.
Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic Development Laboratory (LADEG), Department of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-599, Brazil.
Acta Trop. 2020 Dec;212:105419. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105419. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
The incidence of dengue, Zika, chikungunya, yellow fever and malaria cases has increased significantly in the world. To avoid mosquito bites, one of the best strategies is the use of repellents. The interest in using plants as mosquito repellents has increased significantly. In this review, has been performed a bibliographic survey of the plants with repellent activity, evaluate the trends of natural repellent formulations in the scientific literature, those described in patents and commercially available products. Limonene, 1,8-cineole, geraniol, eugenol and citronellal are the active compounds that mostly appear in the essential oils of plants with repellent activity. The type of natural repellent formulation mostly widely marketed is the spray and lotion, respectively. In patents, classic formulation as emulsion was most frequently used, followed by lotions and sprays. Data collected from scientific articles and patents show that microparticles are the most widely used extended release systems nowadays for natural repellents. The citronella essential oil was the one mostly used among the classic commercially available formulations, as well as in the extended release systems described in the literature and patents. Future research must be conducted to the use of nanotechnology in the development of extended release systems containing essential oils with repellent activity produced from natural and biodegradable materials.
登革热、寨卡、基孔肯雅热、黄热病和疟疾的发病率在全球范围内显著上升。为避免蚊虫叮咬，最好的策略之一是使用驱虫剂。人们对使用植物作为驱虫剂的兴趣显著增加。在本次综述中，对具有驱虫活性的植物进行了文献调查，评估了天然驱虫配方在科学文献、专利和市售产品中的趋势。柠檬烯、1,8-桉叶素、香叶醇、丁子香酚和香茅醛是在具有驱虫活性的植物精油中最常出现的活性化合物。在市售的天然驱虫配方中，喷雾和乳液是最广泛使用的类型。在专利中，经典的乳剂配方最常被使用，其次是乳液和喷雾。从科学文章和专利中收集的数据表明，微球是目前最广泛使用的天然驱虫剂的延长释放系统。香茅精油是经典市售配方中最常用的精油之一，也是文献和专利中描述的延长释放系统中最常用的精油之一。未来必须进行研究，将纳米技术应用于开发含有天然和可生物降解材料的驱虫活性精油的延长释放系统。
