Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843.
Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712.
Mol Biol Cell. 2020 May 1;31(10):1069-1084. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E19-12-0708. Epub 2020 Mar 4.
Establishing the pattern of abundance of molecules of interest during cell division has been a long-standing goal of cell cycle studies. Here, for the first time in any system, we present experiment-matched datasets of the levels of RNAs, proteins, metabolites, and lipids from unarrested, growing, and synchronously dividing yeast cells. Overall, transcript and protein levels were correlated, but specific processes that appeared to change at the RNA level (e.g., ribosome biogenesis) did not do so at the protein level, and vice versa. We also found no significant changes in codon usage or the ribosome content during the cell cycle. We describe an unexpected mitotic peak in the abundance of ergosterol and thiamine biosynthesis enzymes. Although the levels of several metabolites changed in the cell cycle, by far the most significant changes were in the lipid repertoire, with phospholipids and triglycerides peaking strongly late in the cell cycle. Our findings provide an integrated view of the abundance of biomolecules in the eukaryotic cell cycle and point to a coordinate mitotic control of lipid metabolism.
在细胞分裂过程中建立感兴趣分子的丰度模式一直是细胞周期研究的长期目标。在这里，我们首次在任何系统中展示了未经阻滞、生长和同步分裂酵母细胞的 RNA、蛋白质、代谢物和脂质水平的实验匹配数据集。总的来说，转录本和蛋白质水平是相关的，但在 RNA 水平上似乎发生变化的特定过程（例如核糖体生物发生）在蛋白质水平上没有发生，反之亦然。我们还发现，在细胞周期中，密码子使用或核糖体含量没有显著变化。我们描述了固醇和硫胺素生物合成酶丰度在有丝分裂中的意外峰。尽管细胞周期中几种代谢物的水平发生了变化，但到目前为止，脂质库的变化最为显著，磷脂和三酰甘油在细胞周期后期强烈增加。我们的研究结果提供了真核细胞周期中生物分子丰度的综合视图，并指出了脂质代谢的协调有丝分裂控制。
