Jang Eui Hwa, Kim Jung-Hwan, Lee Jun Hee, Kim Dae-Hyun, Youn Young-Nam
Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
Department of Nature-Inspired Nanoconvergence System, Korea institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Korea.
Polymers (Basel). 2020 Mar 2;12(3):538. doi: 10.3390/polym12030538.
Artificial vessels capable of long-term patency are essential clinical tools in vascular surgery that involves small vessels. On-going attempts to develop artificial vessels that complements restenosis have not been entirely successful. Here, we report on the fabrication of small-sized artificial vessels using a three-dimensional bio-printer. The fabrication employed biodegradable polycaprolactone and autologous MSCs harvested from the bone-marrow of canines. The MSCs were cultured and differentiated into endothelial-like cells. After confirming differentiation, artificial vessels comprising three-layers were constructed and implanted into the arteries of canines. The autologous MSCs printed on artificial vessels (cell-derived group) maintained a 64.3% patency (9 of 14 grafts) compared with artificial vessels without cells (control group, 54.5% patency (6 of 11 grafts)). The cell-derived vessels (61.9 cells/mm ± 14.3) had more endothelial cells on their inner surfaces than the control vessels (21 cells/mm ± 11.3). Moreover, the control vessels showed acute inflammation on the porous structures of the implanted artificial vessels, whereas the cell-derived vessels exhibited fibrinous clots with little to no inflammation. We concluded that the minimal rejection of these artificial vessels by the immune system was due to the use of autologous MSCs. We anticipate that this study will be of value in the field of tissue-engineering in clinical practice.
能够长期保持通畅的人造血管是涉及小血管的血管外科手术中必不可少的临床工具。目前开发能够补充再狭窄的人造血管的尝试尚未完全成功。在此，我们报告了使用三维生物打印机制造小型人造血管的情况。制造过程采用了可生物降解的聚己内酯和从犬类骨髓中采集的自体间充质干细胞。将间充质干细胞进行培养并分化为内皮样细胞。确认分化后，构建了包含三层的人造血管并植入犬类动脉。与无细胞的人造血管（对照组，通畅率为54.5%（11个移植物中有6个））相比，打印在人造血管上的自体间充质干细胞（细胞衍生组）保持了64.3%的通畅率（14个移植物中有9个）。细胞衍生的血管（61.9个细胞/mm ± 14.3）内表面的内皮细胞比对照血管（21个细胞/mm ± 11.3）更多。此外，对照血管在植入的人造血管的多孔结构上显示出急性炎症，而细胞衍生的血管则表现为纤维蛋白凝块，几乎没有炎症。我们得出结论，这些人造血管被免疫系统的排斥最小是由于使用了自体间充质干细胞。我们预计这项研究将在临床实践的组织工程领域具有价值。
