State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2020 Apr 5;133(7):826-833. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000706.
The homeostasis of the gut-brain axis has been shown to exert several effects on physiological and psychological health. The gut hormones released by enteroendocrine cells scattered throughout the gastrointestinal tract are important signaling molecules within the gut-brain axis. The interaction between gut microbiota and gut hormones has been greatly appreciated in gut-brain cross-talk. The microbiota plays an essential role in modulating many gut-brain axis-related diseases, ranging from gastrointestinal disorders to psychiatric diseases. Similarly, gut hormones also play pleiotropic and important roles in maintaining health, and are key signals involved in gut-brain axis. More importantly, gut microbiota can affect the release and functions of gut hormones. This review highlights the role of gut microbiota in the gut-brain axis and focuses on how microbiota-related gut hormones modulate various physiological functions. Future studies could target the microbiota-hormones-gut brain axis to develop novel therapeutics for different psychiatric and gastrointestinal disorders, such as obesity, anxiety, and depression.
肠道-脑轴的内稳态被证明对生理和心理健康有多种影响。分布在胃肠道中的肠内分泌细胞释放的肠道激素是肠道-脑轴内的重要信号分子。肠道微生物群和肠道激素之间的相互作用在肠道-脑的交叉对话中得到了极大的重视。微生物群在调节许多与肠道-脑轴相关的疾病方面起着至关重要的作用，从胃肠道疾病到精神疾病。同样，肠道激素在维持健康方面也发挥着多效性和重要作用，是参与肠道-脑轴的关键信号。更重要的是，肠道微生物群会影响肠道激素的释放和功能。本综述强调了肠道微生物群在肠道-脑轴中的作用，并重点介绍了与微生物群相关的肠道激素如何调节各种生理功能。未来的研究可以针对微生物群-激素-肠道-脑轴，为不同的精神和胃肠道疾病，如肥胖、焦虑和抑郁，开发新的治疗方法。
